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BurmaNet: Technical Issue
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Date: Mon, 16 Jan 1995 21:14:21 -0800
************************** BurmaNet **************************
"Appropriate Information Technologies, Practical Strategies"
**************************************************************
January 17, 1995
Issue #97
Special Technical Issue
This issue of the BurmaNet News is devoted to technical subjects
related to Burma and the Internet. Some of the articles have appeared
in earlier issues of the News but are collected here for the
convenience of readers interested in technical issues. All others can
[Bsafely hit the delete key now.
**********************************************
Contents:
GOPHER-----
BURMANET: BURMANET SITE COMING
WORLD WIDE WEB (WWW)-----
BURMANET: BURMA WEBSITE ONLINE
CT: ANOTHER BURMA/WWW SERVER COMING SOON
SCB: BURMA'S MOSAIC PAGES
SCB: BURMA'S MOSAIC PAGES--RESPONSE
FONTS OF LANGUAGES FROM BURMA-----
SCB: A SUMMARY OF BURMESE FONTS FOR MAC/PC
SCB: BURMESE FONT
BURMANET: LETTER ON FONTS
BURMANET: UPLOADING FONTS
OTHER------
BURMANET: MISC. SOURCES ON BURMA AVAILABLE ON THE NET
**********************************************
The BurmaNet News is an *********************************
electronic newspaper * *
covering Burma. Articles * Iti *
from newspapers, magazines, * snotpo *
The wire services, news- * werthatcor *
letters and the Internet * ruptsbutfea *
are published as well as * r.Fearoflos *
original material. * ingpowercor *
* ruptsthosewhoare *
The BurmaNet News is * subjecttoit...Theef *
e-mailed directly to * fortnecessarytoremain *
subscribers and is * uncorruptedinanenvironm *
also distributed via * entwherefearisanintegralpar *
the soc.culture.burma and * tofeverydayexistenceisnot *
misc.activism.progressive * immediatelyapparent *
newsgroups as well as * tothosefortun *
the seasia-l mailing * ateenoughtol *
list. For a free * iveinstatesgo *
subscription to the * vernedbytheru *
BurmaNet News, send * leoflaw...Iam *
an e-mail note to: * n ota frai *
* d.. *
strider@xxxxxxxxxxx * .D *
* aw *
Subscriptions are handled * Au *
manually so please allow * ng *
for a delay before your * San *
request is fielded. * Su *
* uK *
Letters to the editor, * yi *
comments or contributions * . *
of articles should be *********************************
sent to the strider address as well. For those without e-mail,
BurmaNet can be contacted by fax or snailmail.
Tel/Fax: (in Thailand) (66)2 234-6674
By snailmail:
Attention to BurmaNet, care of Burma Issues
PO Box 1076, Silom Post Office, Bangkok 10504
By email: strider@xxxxxxxxxxx
**************************************************************
BURMANET: BURMANET SITE COMING
January 17, 1995
The Sunsite at the University of North Carolina is donating the use of
computer facilities and technical support to the Burma-online
community in the form of a site for BurmaNet. The site will initially
support a BurmaNet gopher and ftp site. A WWW site is also
envisioned.
Sun Microsystems is a company that makes mini-computers which are much
more sophisticated than PCs but not quite supercomputers. The company
has created a number of Sunsites around the world as a public service
to the Internet community which also serves as a testbed for their
equipment. Their support to BurmaNet represents a new initiative on
the part of Sunsites to be be more directly involved in humanitarian
activities.
Suggestions for what sorts of documents to carry on the BurmaNet
gopher should be emailed to strider@xxxxxxxxxxx Also, if you run a
site on the Internet which carries Burma related documents, images,
fonts or any other material and would be willing to have them linked
to the Burma gopher, please contact BurmaNet.
**************************************************************
BURMANET: BURMA WEBSITE ONLINE
Free Burma, a WorldWideWebsite is now online. Point your browser
to http://199.172.178.200. In the near future, it will also be
accessable at the following address:
http:/www.interactivist.virtualvegas.com.
Here is part of the first page of the Free Burma Website HTML:
Name="FREEBRMA.HTM"
<html><head>
<title>Free Burma: Home</title>
<h1>Welcome to Free Burma</h1>
<link rev=3D"made"
href=3D"mailto:interactivist@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx";><hr>
</head>
<body>
<p><p>
The country of Burma <br>
is lush, rich in natural resources <br>
and home to dozens of peoples and cultures.<br>
But due to a military government of isolationist economic
mismanagement,<br>
The people there live without their human rights and in extreme =
poverty.<br>
<B>The country of Burma has been under martial law since 1962.
</B><P>
<B>Free Burma</B> <I>is a slogan, a hope, a certain number of web
pages, and, until the people there are free and self-governing... the
only one there is .</I>
<A href=3D"virgins.jpg"><IMG SRC=3D"virgins.gif"></A><br>
<B>Free Burma</B> <I>is a collection of software, hardware,
documentation, and volunteers, all doing what we're best at to hasten
the replacement of the current military government who tortures its
citizens with one chosen by the people who live there. What Free Burma
has to offer is information, and assistance in its dissemination. If
you would like to donate software, hardware, time, money, or
bandwidth, please contact the Interactivist@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx</I>
<hr> <H3>Here's the information</H3>
<UL>
<LI>General Information <A HREF=3D"geninfo.htm">about Burma</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"pictures.htm">Pictures!</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"statmnts.htm">Interviews.</A> Sex! Violence! Rape!
Murder! <LI>Take <A HREF=3D"action.htm">
ACTION</A> now. <LI><A
HREF=3D"boycott.htm">Anti-Sponsors.</A> The investors in = brutality.
<LI>Our information <A HREF=3D"sources.htm">sources</A>
<li>Other <A HREF=3D"links.htm">activists</A> on the WWW.
</UL><hr> <address>interactivist@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx</address>
</body></html>
********************************************************
CT: ANOTHER BURMA/WWW SERVER COMING SOON
I will have an entire SPARC station set up for WWW/mosaic
server soon. I have to get a firewall set up. All the software is now
in place.
Coban Tun
********************************************************
SCB: BURMA'S MOSAIC PAGES
1 response
tun soc.culture.burma 8:01 PM
Dec 7, 1994
(at macpsy.ucsf.EDU) (From News
system)
I was able to conect to www.virtualvegas.com's mosaic/netscape pages.
It's pretty nifty. I hope some of you who are fortunate enough to have
SLIP/PPP can check it out...
Ct
*********************************************************
SCB: BURMA'S MOSAIC PAGES--RESPONSE
Response 1 of 1
from jrchien@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
soc.culture.burma 2:57 PM Dec 9, 1994
() (From News system)
In article <9412080401.AA10521@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>, tun@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
(Coban Tun)
writes:
> I was able to conect to www.virtualvegas.com's mosaic/netscape
>pages.
> It's pretty nifty. I hope some of you who are fortunate enough to
>have SLIP/PPP can check it out...
>
As of December 9, there is no link to burma homepage from
www.virtualvegas.com. Home page is located at
www.interactivist.virtualvegas.com or 199.172.179.200.
********************************************************
A SUMMARY: BURMESE FONTS FOR MAC/PC
L.Aye
soc.culture.burma 6:18 PM
Dec 15, 1994
(at cs.bham.ac.uk)(From News system)
Dear all,
I've been reading a lot of mail regarding Burmese fonts for the PC and
Macintosh. The answer to the question 'Are there any Burmese fonts?'
is a resounding Yes. There are plenty of fonts available but
unfortunately, 95% of them are only available from the publishers in
Burma. I got them while I was there. They are all commercial fonts
but I don't know if you can buy it from abroad.
Here is a summary of the official fonts available on the Macintosh:
Note: PS 3 means PostScript Type 3 PS 1 means PostScript Type 1 (i.e.
compatible with Adobe Type Manager)
Mac fonts
=====================
NameTypeComments
Ava
PS 3 The font that lauched a thousand others. Yes, folks, this font
was first designed by John Okell of SOAS and created by Perret Andre
and Vers L'eglise in September1988. It is still the definitive body
text font for all Burmese publications.It is available from the School
of Oriental and African Studies, The University of London, Mallet St,
London WC1. I think, the cost is 30 pounds Sterling for
Academics/studentsand 50 pounds for the rest.
Amyanmar
PS 1 Bold, long-straight letters
Aungsika
PS 1
Italicised rough looking characters
Avadaung
PS 3
Squarish looking characters
Ava Free
PS 3
cursive (hand-writing) font
Cidaung
PS 3
As the name suggests, squarish characters with angular corners. Good
for sub-head or heading.
Classic
PS 3 The proper bold Burmese font (the perfect companion to Ava
font)
FreemyanmarPS 3Paint-stroke characters. Good for headlines in
magazines.
Kmyanmar
PS 3
LCdaung
PS 3
Similar to Cidaung, but more squarish.
LCmyanmar
PS 3
Similar to Classic, but with better kerning and more pronounced
serifs.
Mirror
PS 3
Myanmar
PS 3
Ngwemyanmar
PS 3
Flattened version of Seinmyanmar.
Pyimyanmar
PS 3
Modification on Shwemyanmar
Seinmyanmar
PS 3
Diamond-shaped characters, i.e. 6 sided
Shwemyanmar
PS 3
Bold version of Shwemyanmar
Taungyi
PS 3
As the name suggests it's the Shan font. Created by someone in Taungyi
(surprise!) who's doing dtp on the Mac.
Typeshwe
PS 3
Yangon
PS 3
Yatanarpoun
PS 3
Great for head lines.
Note: all the Mac fonts' keyboard layout are identical to that of Ava
font, in that they are all phonetically coded, e.g. k = ka, shift-k =
kha, t = ta, shift-t = tha, p = pa, m = ma, b= ba gone, shift-b = ba
lachite, etc. You get the idea.
All the characters of the alphabet, accents and punctuations can be
accessed directly from the keyboard by a combination of the following
keys: normal keys, shift key, option key and shift-option keys.
Because the characters are phonetically coded, the positions of the
keys are relatively easy to remember.
Most of these fonts (apart from Ava and Taungyi) are created by the
Burmese Language Department of the University of Rangoon. I met the
person who's responsible for creating these and his assistants. They
were using Fontographer on a couple of Mac Classics churning these out
at the rate of a new font every 2-3 months---their most recent one
being Yatanarpoun. I asked him why he chose to develop on the Mac and
not the PC (even though the PC is relatively more abundant than Macs
in Burma) he said that for really serious use as a Burmese
word-processor, and for training his staff, Macs beat the PCs hands
down.
The editor of Dana (Sea Pwar Yae) Magazine also said that a fully
trained typist takes about 45-60 minutes to type a page of magazine on
the Mac. This figure is hard to reach if you are using the PC.
IBM PC fonts:
=============
Shwe PS 1
Mya PS 1
These fonts were designed and sold, as I recalled, by a software
company in Rangoon. They are commercial fonts. Since these were
designed to be used by Burmese typists the keyboard layout mimic
closely to that of the Burmese typewriter. If you had the chance to
see one of those, it's the strangest device you'll ever see.
In addition, due to lack of foresight by PC designers (all those years
ago) you cannot access the extended characters set (i.e. those above
ASCII 128) directly from the PC keyboard. The Burmese fonts make
extensive use of these extended characters set (since all the
different variations of Burmese characterrs cannot fit within the
first 128 ASCII) and the only way to access them is to type the actual
ASCII code of the character. Hence you ended up with a very unnatural
way of text entry In addition to the above fonts, there are plenty of
fonts for the PC. When I was in Burma, I saw lots of them but the
situation doesn't look good. The reason is that almost everyone who
has a PC also has a copy of Fontographer. With this program, everyone
is tweaking the fonts to any way they like, e.g. changing the keyboard
layout of the characters, moving the characters from their usual place
to somewhere else, adding serifs (if you can call it that) to a few
characters here and there and saving it as a different font, etc.
***************************
Now, a plug for my own font.
Yes, folks. I created a Burmese font (based on the original Ava font)
and it looks great as body text font. I created it with Fontographer
on the Macintosh a couple of years ago. It is available as Type 1 on
the Mac and TrueType on the PC running Windows (so you don't have to
go and buy Adobe Type Manager).
For PC users, the keyboard layout is the same as that of Mac version
(i.e. they are phonetically coded).
Just to arouse your curiousity I've created PostScipt files of each of
the fonts. However, my site doesn't allow ftp acces and I don't know
of a site where I can upload them. Any ideas?
Len Aye
----------------------------------------------------------------------
------
Leonard Kyaw Soe Aung Aye |Internet: lka@xxxxxxxxxxxxx
School of Computer Science, |Janet: lka@xxxxxxxxxxxxx
The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston,|tel: +44 (0)21 414-3705
Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, England, UK|fax:+44 (0)21 414-4281
----------------------------------------------------------------------
------
"...I realized that all men are cremated equal. I'm concentrating on
leaving the best looking corpse I can..." -- Guy Kawasaki.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
------
*************************************************
SCB: BURMESE FONT
crtaylor@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
soc.culture.burma
10:38 AM Dec 18, 1994
(at perth.DIALix.oz.au)
(From News system)
For those interested in Burmese fonts here is some info extracted from
the October 8, 1994 BurmaNet News:
>Karen language fonts are available for retrieval using FTP. This site
>is temporary so if it doesn't work , contact strider@xxxxxxxxxxx for
>an updated location. Burmese, Mon and Kachin language fonts should
>eventually be available over the net as well.
[snip]
> ftp 149.43.80.1
>
>Login as "anonymous" (don't type the quotation marks). The password
>will be your Internet address. Once connected, type: cd pub/fonts
>To get the font, type: get kar3_0n.ttf
>Also, to get the keyboard map that goes with the font, type:
>
> get keymap3.gif
[snip]
This is a Windows True Type font so installation under Windows is as
per
normal (i.e. Control Panel, Fonts etc......).
Hope this helps.
Would appreciate feedback if other fonts are found here or at any
other site.
Regards,
Carlos Taylor
===========================================
Carlos Taylor Perth, Western Australia
crtaylor@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
crtaylor@xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
===========================================
********************************************
BURMANET: LETTER ON FONTS
Date: Mon, 28 Nov 1994 23:14:16 -0400 (EDT)
Subject: Font Info
To: strider@xxxxxxxxxxx
Dear Friends of the Burmanet:
I have some address for you that may be helpful. There are 2 places
in Burma you can get Burmese font for Windows.
1. Myanmar Computer
#317 Maha Bandoola ST. Botataung, Yangon. Tel: 01-94724, 01-94728
Fax:95-1-94728
2. Win Fonts for Windows : SMMSINC.
# 146, 33rd. st. Kyanktada, Yangon. Tel: 01-78548.
I don't know about the program for dos. I believe you can find
the Burmese font type in some companies in Thailand too. If I have
more information I will send it to you.
By the way, Do you know address of Prof. John Okell?
Take Care,
Kay
sxcst10@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
********************************************
BURMANET: UPLOADING FONTS
December 27, 1994
To upload fonts to the Internet, ftp to linux.colgate.edu
The procedure would is this:
ftp linux.colgate.edu
login as anonymous with e-mail address as the password
cd incoming
put <file name>
quit
If you upload a font, do the net a favor and either post a message on
reg.burma, soc.culture.burma or send an email note to BurmaNet to let
others know it is there.
*********************************************
BURMANET: MISC. SOURCES ON BURMA AVAILABLE ON THE NET
December 28, 1994
[Taken from the FreeBurma WWW site]
gopher://emailhost.ait.ac.th:70/00/AsiaInfo/CountryInfo/Myanmar%2
"Human Rights in Myanmar" The US State Dept. 1994
gopher://emailhost.ait.ac.th:70/0/library/ref/cia/all/burma";
The 1994 World Factbook info on Burma.
gopher://cis.anu.edu.au:
ftp%3Acoombs.anu.edu.au@/coombspapers/
o=therarchives/asian-studies-archives/burma-archives/">
Lots of good facts and findings from a gopher.
http://www.intnet.net/pub/COUNTRIES/Burma";>References to something
called BurmaNet.
*********************************************************
NEWS SOURCES REGULARLY COVERED/ABBREVIATIONS USED BY BURMANET:
*********************************************************
AP: ASSOCIATED PRESS
AFP: AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE
AW: ASIAWEEK
AWSJ: ASIAN WALL STREET JOURNAL
Bt.: THAI BAHT; 25 Bt.=US$1 (APPROX),
BBC: BRITISH BROADCASTING CORPORATION
BI: BURMA ISSUES
BKK POST: BANGKOK POST (DAILY NEWSPAPER, BANGKOK)
BRC-CM: BURMESE RELIEF CENTER-CHIANG MAI
BRC-J: BURMESE RELIEF CENTER-JAPAN
CPPSM: C'TEE FOR PUBLICITY OF THE PEOPLE'S STRUGGLE IN MONLAND
FEER: FAR EAST ECONOMIC REVIEW
IRRAWADDY: NEWSLETTER PUBLISHED BY BURMA INFORMATION GROUP
JIR: JANE'S INTELLIGENCE REVIEW
KHRG: KAREN HUMAN RIGHTS GROUP
Kt. BURMESE KYAT; UP TO 150 KYAT=US$1 BLACK MARKET
100 KYAT=US$1 SEMI-OFFICIAL
6 KYAT=US$1 OFFICIAL
MOA: MIRROR OF ARAKAN
NATION: THE NATION (DAILY NEWSPAPER, BANGKOK)
NLM: NEW LIGHT OF MYANMAR (DAILY STATE-RUN NEWSPAPER, RANGOON)
S.C.B.:SOC.CULTURE.BURMA NEWSGROUP
S.C.T.:SOC.CULTURE.THAI NEWSGROUP
SEASIA-L: S.E.ASIA BITNET MAILING LIST
SLORC: STATE LAW AND ORDER RESTORATION COUNCIL
USG: UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT
XNA: XINHUA NEWS AGENCY (PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA)
**************************************************************