Architecture

expand all
collapse all

Websites/Multiple Documents

Description: "The mission of the Yangon Heritage Trust is to protect and promote Yangon?s urban heritage within a cohesive urban plan by advocating for heritage protection, advising the government and developers on heritage issues, and undertaking preservation projects, studies, conferences, and training. The core of our current activities are described on the pages below:"
Source/publisher: Yangon Heritage Trust
Date of entry/update: 2013-09-08
Grouping: Websites/Multiple Documents
Category: Architecture
Language: English, Burmese/ မြန်မာဘာသာ
more
expand all
collapse all

Individual Documents

Description: "Now is a key moment for Yangon, Myanmar?s most important urban economic centre. The current political transition and substantial international good will provide a once-in-alifetime opportunity to set the city in a new direction. This is also the last best chance to avoid the urban planning mistakes of regional neighbours. Yangon?s built, cultural and natural heritage should be carefully conserved during future growth to ensure the city can be regionally competitive and liveable. Yangon is one of the world?s great heritage cities, containing an unparalleled collection of heritage assets ? these include traditions, communities and memories as well as physical things like parks, buildings and whole neighbourhoods. The city has a rich history as the stage upon which national independence was won and the foundations of modern Myanmar were laid. Great writers, artists and leaders from across Myanmar and the world have lived and worked here. This broad variety of peoples and traditions gives the city its strong cultural identity..."......"Contents Executive Summary 4 The Yangon Heritage Trust 8 Introduction 11 A Key Moment for Yangon 12 The Importance of Cities 14 The Importance of Heritage Conservation 16 The Importance of Urban Planning 20 Vision 25 Liveability 33 Strategy 43 Action Plans 51 Annexes 141 A: Glossary 142 B: References 144 C: Image Credits and Notes 146 D: Acknowledgements
Source/publisher: Yangon Heritage Trust
2016-08-00
Date of entry/update: 2016-12-19
Grouping: Individual Documents
Category: Architecture
Language: English, Burmese (မြန်မာဘာသာ)
Format : pdf pdf
Size: 39.35 MB 39.56 MB
more
Description: Abstract: "The research paper is studied about architectural aspects of stupas that were built during the reign of King Narapatisithu along Bagan dynasties. The author would like to study these stupas depending on four factors such as (i) Reflection in the form (ii) Spatial compositions (iii) Structural aspects and (iv) Decorative aspects. The stupas are classified according to their development of Form such as Stupas with bulbous shape, Stupas with octagonal basement, Stupas with rectangular basement, Stupas with circular basement, Stupas with pentagonal basement and Sinhalese type Stupas. Most of the stupas with circular basement, bulbous shape, rectangular basement, pentagonal basement and octagonal basement in the Bagan period were apparently evolved from the hemispherical stupa like Sanchi and Amaravali of India. Among them, Dhammayazika Stupa is surpassing example of the Bagan stupas. It was more required in skill for management, estimating, drawing and construction. According to cosmic metaphor and symbol of the five Buddhas, the geometrically guided layout is the finest expression of the Bagan. There were altogether the stupas that built in Bagan and the Dhammayazika Stupa is the zenith of Myanmar Religious Architecture. The contribution of this study is the architectural and technological achievements of Myanmar Religious Architecture that reached its peak during the reign of King Narapatisithu (1174-1211 A.D). Myanmar had impressed on special features and their own style from the Indian style. They showed entirely the different appearance of the whole structures from the Indian monuments. They may be traced to the Indian origin by signifying the philosophy of the fine arts. This research paper is studied that the architectural typology of Bagan monuments a dopted to conform Myanmar style. Furthermore, the research paper is expressed those stupas during the reign of King Narapatisithu were the most outstanding and famous levels compared with other stupas along Bagan periods.".....Paper delivered at the International Conference on Burma/Myanmar Studies: Burma/Myanmar in Transition: Connectivity, Changes and Challenges: University Academic Service Centre (UNISERV), Chiang Mai University, Thailand, 24-­26 July 2015.
Creator/author: Thet Oo, Maung Hlaing
Source/publisher: International Conference on Burma/Myanmar Studies: Burma/Myanmar in Transition: Connectivity, Changes and Challenges: University Academic Service Centre (UNISERV), Chiang Mai University, Thailand, 24-­26 July 2015
2015-07-26
Date of entry/update: 2015-09-07
Grouping: Individual Documents
Language: English
Format : pdf
Size: 1.01 MB
more
Description: Abstract: "Pyin-­‐Oo-­‐Lwin has the high quality built environment of the area, with its wealth of historic buildings, conservation areas and historic monuments, represents an important social, cultural, recreational and educational resource as well as helping to make it an appealing place to live, work and visit. This research is focus on conserving of the historic buildings and its surrounding environments in Pyin-­‐Oo-­‐Lwin town. As there is physical degradation because of the impact of urban development, the conservation of these areas will include their development and harmonious adaption to contemporary life‟ (UNESCO 1987). During 19th Century, British made well plan with impeccable signs of urban planning and local architecture and built the many famous buildings in Pyin-­‐Oo-­‐Lwin town. These colonial buildings are standing now as heritage buildings and structures so that targeting conservation resources towards particularly vulnerable group of sites and environments. Because of elevation, situation, climate and verdant environment, it be comes prominent as a famous highland town. In urban areas, increased attention must be paid by the institutions for its conservation; new issues have to be addressed, due to the dramatic changes occurring. It suffers from physical and functional decay and seems to have been seriously affected by inconsistent development. The historic architectural and urban features of Pyin-­‐Oo-­‐Lwin deserve a careful survey and assessment, in order to be protected as a substantial part of Myanmar heritage. It involves actively caring for the heritage, maintaining it in good physical condition, making it readily accessible for study, enjoyment, recreation, and tourism. In this research, it is thoroughly documented the existing conditions of Pyin-­‐Oo-­‐Lwin town and identified the possible heritage areas to be conserved with the development of this town. Then, the study on the principles and methods of conservation and criteria for conservation are presented as literature study to support this research. Finally, this research intends to give general guidelines for existing historic buildings and new buildings built harmoniously in the environment and to create encouragement and promote heritage awareness on historic built form of Pyin-­‐Oo-­‐Lwin Town.".....Paper delivered at the International Conference on Burma/Myanmar Studies: Burma/Myanmar in Transition: Connectivity, Changes and Challenges: University Academic Service Centre (UNISERV), Chiang Mai University, Thailand, 24-­26 July 2015.
Creator/author: Than Htay Oo
Source/publisher: International Conference on Burma/Myanmar Studies: Burma/Myanmar in Transition: Connectivity, Changes and Challenges: University Academic Service Centre (UNISERV), Chiang Mai University, Thailand, 24-­26 July 2015
2015-07-26
Date of entry/update: 2015-08-10
Grouping: Individual Documents
Language: English
Format : pdf
Size: 3.56 MB
more
Description: "Myanmar?s former capital, Yangon, boasts one of the most spectacular early-20th century urban landscapes in Asia. A century ago the country?s former capital was one of the world?s great trading cities and the legacy of that cosmopolitan past remains today. Saved from the fate of other Asian cities due to the country?s isolation under military rule, Yangon?s downtown area is a unique blend of cultural and imperial architecture, considered to be the last surviving "colonial core" in Asia. But as the country opens up, this unique heritage is under threat. Decades of neglect have left once grand buildings a crumbling mess and they are at grave risk of being demolished in favour of hastily built towers and condominiums..." Some of the damage has already been done as developers race to cash in on the country?s rapid pace of change. Myanmar historian and scholar, Thant Myint U, is leading the charge to preserve Yangon?s heritage and return many buildings to their former glory. He has founded the Yangon Heritage Trust, a group pushing for a cohesive urban plan for the city. The stories of the buildings and the people who lived - and still live in them today, are truly unique in the world. 101 East was granted rare access inside the famous Secretariat building, the site of Myanmar?s independence ceremony in 1948 and the assassination of national hero, General Aung San, the father of pro-democracy campaigner Aung San Suu Kyi. This immense building, which housed the parliament from 1948-1962 has been closed to the public behind razor wire for more than half a century and few have ever seen inside it. Its greatest challenge may yet be surviving the modern era as Yangon embarks on its dramatic transition into a modern Asian city..."
Creator/author: Aela Callan
Source/publisher: Al Jazeera (101 East)
2013-05-22
Date of entry/update: 2013-09-08
Grouping: Individual Documents
Category: Architecture
Language: English
more
Description: Vor f?nf Jahren ?berraschte Burmas enigmatische Milit?rjunta mit der Ank?ndigung, im d?nn besiedelten Landesinnern eine neue Hauptstadt zu bauen. Entstanden ist ein steriles Nebeneinander von Ministerien, Hotels und Wohnbl?cken.
Source/publisher: NZZ Online
2011-01-05
Date of entry/update: 2011-01-27
Grouping: Individual Documents
Category: Architecture
Language: Deutsch, German
more
Description: Mandalay Palace - Historical Sites; Mandalay - Description and Travel; Mandalay - History; Myanmar - History - Later Konbaung Period; Contents: (1) Foundation of the Palace and City p. 10-15; (2) The City?s Defensive Walls p. 16-19; (3) Building outside the palace platform p. 22-24; (4) The Buildings within the palace platform p. 25-35; (5) Appendix - Kings of the Alaungpaya Dynasty p. 37; This book was published with the grant of 1962 Asia; Foundation. Text by Mon C. Durosielle former Superintendent of the Directorate of Archaeological Survey. Supplemented with thirty one plates of photographs, plans and measured drawings of the palace structures and architectural motifs as preserved in the Archaeological Department.
Creator/author: Mon C. Durosielle
Source/publisher: The Directorate of Archaeological Survey
1963-00-00
Date of entry/update: 2010-07-10
Grouping: Individual Documents
Language: English
more
Description: Government involvement helps restore shine to Rangoon?s Strand Hotel... "Rangoon is a picture book of architectural gems from the years of British colonialism. But visitors have a frustrating time discovering them. The city streets so carefully planned and built in the mid-19th century have been allowed by neglectful Burmese post-colonial governments to fade and crumble. Layers of soot and grime accumulated over the years make it difficult to detect exquisite art nouveau and solid Victorian and Edwardian features of buildings that, in their time, would not have looked out of place in bourgeois areas of London..."
Creator/author: Jim Andrews
Source/publisher: "The Irrawaddy" Vol. 14, No. 1
2006-01-00
Date of entry/update: 2006-05-01
Grouping: Individual Documents
Language: Engllish
more
Description: Does a protective curse prevent the regime from pulling it down?... Yawnghwe Haw, the large wood and brick palace of Burma?s first president, Sao Shwe Thaike, near Inle Lake in southern Shan State, has survived the ravages of Burma?s turbulent history—unlike its ill-fated former occupant, who died in jail. Some suggest that the palace owes its survival to a protecting curse on anyone daring to pull it down. That was the fate of the famous Shan palace Haw Sao Pha Kengtung, demolished by the Burmese military junta in 1991. Now known as Yawnghwe (Nyaungshwe) Haw Museum, Sao Shwe Thaike?s palace has undergone superficial renovation to repair damage caused by years of neglect, when squatters occupied outbuildings and graffiti was scrawled on some of the walls. The exhibits themselves have been catalogued and explained by the museum?s curators with only a cursory nod to historical fact. Built in the Mandalay tradition and completed in the late 1920s, Yawnghwe Haw is a fine example of Shan palace architecture, though perhaps not as impressive as the demolished Haw Sao Pha Kengtung. The museum?s collection contains precious and beautiful artifacts—elaborate royal thrones, teak tables, divans, sedans and palanquins. Also included are numerous costumes belonging to the Shan sawbwas, or rulers, from Yawnghwe as well as Kengtung..."
Creator/author: Tara Monroe
Source/publisher: "The Irrawaddy" Vol. 13, No. 5
2005-05-00
Date of entry/update: 2006-04-27
Grouping: Individual Documents
Category: Architecture
Language: English
more
Description: "Rangoon?s modernization drive in preparation for the 2006 Asean Summit is destroying the capital?s architectural heritage... A house of teak and brick in Botataung Township in Rangoon is being razed to make way for a taller, more modern skyscraper. The house was full of charm at the turn of the 20th century, and was one of many buildings that earned the Burmese capital the reputation as the "Pearl of the Orient". "My house was beautiful and in good condition considering it was nearly 100 years old," said the 50-year-old owner, as he watched his home being demolished. But now he is more pragmatic than sentimental. "As the new ones are coming, the old ones have to go," he added. In the first half of the last century Rangoon was a model for other Southeast Asian cities. Famed for its many buildings of religious, historical and architectural significance, the city was a hybrid of colonial charm and unique Burmese splendor. The great traditional houses of the city were built from teak, with grand spired roofs, decorated eaves and crafted paneling. But now much of that has been thrown into the dustbin of history..."
Creator/author: Kyaw Zwa Moe
Source/publisher: "The Irrawaddy" Vol. 11, No. 6
2003-07-00
Date of entry/update: 2003-11-06
Grouping: Individual Documents
Language: English
more
Description: "Stupas are solid structures that typically cannot be entered and were constructed to contain sacred Buddhist relics that are hidden from view (and vandals) in containers buried at their core or in the walls. Temples have an open interior that may be entered and in which are displayed one or more cult images as a focus for worship. Although this categorization between Stupa and temple is useful, the distinction is not always clear. There are stupas such as the Myazedei that have the external form of a stupa but are like a temple with an inner corridor and multiple shrines..."
Creator/author: Richard M. Cooler
Source/publisher: Northern Illinois University
2002-00-00
Date of entry/update: 2003-06-03
Grouping: Individual Documents
Language: English
more
Description: "... Pagan temples may be divided into two basic types according to floor plan: one type has an open central sanctuary and the other has a solid core that is ringed by a corridor. The two types, however, were at times combined in a single structure in which the solid core was hollowed out to create a sanctuary that was then encircled by a corridor..."
Creator/author: Richard M. Cooler
Source/publisher: Northern Illinois University
2002-00-00
Date of entry/update: 2003-06-03
Grouping: Individual Documents
Language: English
more
Description: "The purpose of this on-line study-guide and course-outline is to make text and visual materials on the arts of Burma readily and inexpensively available, in particular to students and teachers. These materials assume college level reading skills so that the contents may be used for independent study courses, as a resource for teachers in secondary schools, as well as anyone interested in expanding and enriching their knowledge of the Arts and Cultures of Burma. Because the text is written for a general audience it does not contain the detail or footnotes that are found in scholarly publications. A select bibliography is provided at the end of each section for those who wish to pursue topics previously discussed. The illustrations are digitized from my own collection of color slides with the several exceptions are noted..." TOC: Overview: Purpose, Extended Contents, Acknowledgements, and Geographical Overview; Art History of Burma: Synoptic Overview; Chapter 1 - Prehistoric and Animist Periods c. 1100 BC to c. 200 AD: Paleolithic and Neolithic sites, Animism, and Karen Bronze Drums; Chapter 2 - The Pre-Pagan Period: The Urban Age of the Mon and the Pyu c.200 to c.800 AD: Mon and Pyu City states: Thaton, Beikthano, Halin, and Srikshetra; Chapter 3 - the Pagan Period c. 800 AD to 1287 AD; Part 1 - Introduction and City Plan of Pagan; Part 2 - Architecture 1 - General Characteristics and Stupas; Part 3 - Architecture 2 - Temples and Monasteries Part 4 - Sculpture, Conclusion, and Bibliography; Chapter 4 - The Post Pagan Period; Part 1 - Introduction and the Ava Period; Part 2 - The Konbaung Period: Amarapura; Part 3 - Mandalay Period; Special Section: 80 Scenes of the Life of Buddha.
Creator/author: Richard M. Cooler
Source/publisher: Northern Illinois University
2002-00-00
Date of entry/update: 2003-06-03
Grouping: Individual Documents
Language: English
more
Description: Clickable photos
Source/publisher: Google Search
Date of entry/update: 2003-06-03
Grouping: Individual Documents
Language: English
more
Description: "Texts and Contexts", December 2001 Conference, Universities' Historical Research Centre, Yangon University... Abstract: The paper discusses the use of texts in current renovation of pagodas in Myanmar, taking as examples aspects of work undertaken at the Shwedagon and Kyaikhtiyoe in the last two years. Different types of texts, from inscriptions and traditional accounts to contemporary technical reports, are used to illustrate the complex tradition found in the country today. These are presented in the context of past interaction including Mon influence and the Hsandawshin (Sacred Hair) heritage, as well as present links such as planetary aspects and the role of renovation in encouraging the sustenance of Theravada practice.
Creator/author: Elizabeth Moore
Source/publisher: Myanmar Historical Research Journal, University of Yangon [forthcoming]
2001-12-00
Date of entry/update: 2003-06-03
Grouping: Individual Documents
Language: English
Format : pdf
Size: 746.61 KB
Local URL:
more