Forests and forest peoples - international standards

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Title: Google search results for EUTR Myanmar
Description: European Union Timber Regulation (EUTR)....."The EU Timber Regulation (EUTR) came into force on 3rd March 2013, making it illegal to place illegally harvested timber and timber products on the EU market. The legislation affects all those that first place timber on the EU market as well as traders further down the supply chain. After 3rd March 2013, it has become a crime to place illegal timber on EU markets and all organisations affected by the Regulation have to adopt practices to assure that the timber or timber products they trade and supply are legal, as a minimum."
Source/publisher: Google
Date of entry/update: 2014-03-27
Grouping: Websites/Multiple Documents
Language: English
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Individual Documents

Title: Tenure and social forestry in ASEAN Member States: Status, analysis and recommendations
Description: "To prosper, people who depend on forests must use, manage and benefit from those forests. They must also be secure in the knowledge that they will be able to carry on doing so for the foreseeable future. The majority of forestlands in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) region are owned by central governments. However, many local communities and Indigenous Peoples live in and around these lands. They use, manage and rely on them but have no formal rights to do so. Prindex, the Global Property Rights Index, collects robust data on perceptions of land and property rights. A 2018 Prindex survey in Cambodia, Indonesia, Thailand and Viet Nam found that up to 62.3 million of people aged 18 and older felt insecure about their tenure rights.1 Even communities with some formal recognition of their right to use, manage and benefit from forestlands can feel insecure as those lands come under increasing pressure. Tenure arrangements throughout the world are complex and often contentious. Government officials, civil society, donors and rural communities recognize the need to increase tenure security in ASEAN. However, they have a limited understanding of how to do it. This report provides an entry point for state and non-state actors who face tenure issues as part of their work on social forestry. Social forestry is also known as community forestry, participatory forestry and village forestry. For consistency, this report uses the term social forestry. The main objectives of the report are to: ■ Provide an introduction and framework to customary and statutory tenure arrangements in ASEAN to help non-specialists understand and navigate their way around tenure issues ■ Identify the opportunities and challenges for customary and statutory arrangements that can help ensure people have secure tenure ■ Identify synergies and potential ways forward, recognizing the future pathways of social forestry through the programs of ASEAN Member States This report includes the following key conclusions and recommendations: Understanding the importance of tenure and addressing challenges: Secure tenure underlies numerous environmental and development goals. Tenure insecurity has been identified as one of the most significant barriers to achieving successful social forestry.2 Crucially, tenure insecurity is impeding progress on tackling the climate crisis. Therefore, strong and clear rights for local people that results in tenure security need to be prioritized throughout the region. This report provides an understanding of tenure arrangements and addresses common challenges faced by stakeholders in understanding tenure arrangements. It is a first step to unraveling the complexity and diversity of tenure arrangements across ASEAN. Further work is needed to fully break down barriers to discourse and make progress on improving tenure security to facilitate social forestry. For example, the diversity and technical nature of terminology in tenure arrangements is a significant challenge. To tackle tenure issues effectively, there must be both a common language to discuss them and a better understanding of forest tenure itself. ASEAN has an opportunity to help Member States work towards this through further research and partnership.....Preparing for a dynamic future: ASEAN faces unprecedented challenges from climate, biodiversity and land degradation crises. This means that social forestry needs to play a central role in the region over the next 10 years. Achieving secure tenure is a foundation for this.3 Conflict over tenure throughout Southeast Asia is escalating. Rapid economic growth in the region has reduced poverty but has also increased inequality and left marginalized communities even more vulnerable. This growth has also put more pressure on governments to expand development, which strains tenure arrangements and changes traditional community dynamics. Flexible, adaptable and multifunctional solutions to tenure issues are needed to cope with the challenges that lie ahead. They are also needed for meeting the changing needs and desires of communities in forestlands..."
Creator/author:
Source/publisher: ASEAN Working Group on Social Forestry, Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation, This project is funded by the European Union and Voices for Mekong forests
Date of publication: 2021-03-00
Date of entry/update: 2021-05-25
Grouping: Individual Documents
Language:
Format : pdf
Size: 800.53 KB (66 pages)
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Title: A field guide to forest trees of Northern Thailand
Description: "Funding - the bulk of the initial groundwork for this book was carried out as part of botanical surveys of Doi Chiang Dao Wildlife Sanctuary (1 995-1 996, funded by Office of Environmental Policy and Planning) and Doi Luang National Park (1 997-1 999, funded by the TRF/BIOTEC Special Program for Biodiversity Research and Training grant BRT 1 39029) The preparation and review of the manuscript in both English and Thai was supported by the East Asia Local Languages Field Guide project (funded by the World Conservation Union (IUCN) and The World Bank). Toyota Thailand Foundation, Kopfai Publishing Project and Toyota Motor Thailand Co., Ltd. provided the funding for publ ication and distribution. The generous support of these organisations is gratefully acknowledged. We would particularly like to thank Asst.Prof. Paitoon Leksawad, Dr.Tony Whitten, Dr. Scott Perkin, Preecha Photi and Sunee Wongwaisayawan for their support. Facilities- CMU Herbarium, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University provided institutional support at all stages of the project. Secretarial & computer work - Rungtiwa Panyayot, Greuk Pakkad Specimen collection & fieldwork - Natii Morci, Bucha Orkha, all the Forestry Department and Watershed Office staff who helped us throughout the project especially in Poi Chiang Dao Wildlife Sanctuary, Doi Luang and Doi Suthep-Pui National Parks. Specimen identification - J.F. Maxwell, Dr. Jamlong Pengklai, Dr. Piya Chalermglin Additional Photographs - Akom Manekul, Dr. Chavalit Vidthayanon, Cherdsak Kuarak, E.J. Haas, Dr.Oy Kanjanavanit, Richard Davies, M.R.Smansnid Svasti Illustrations - M.R.Smansnid Svasti (cover and forest profiles) Pranee Palee- (Ficus, Fagaceae) Taxonomic review - Dr. Chavalit Niyomtham (Leguminosae); Dr. Jam long Pengklai (Bombacaceae, Coniferae, Dipterocarpaceae, Elaeocarpaceae, Lauraceae, Lythraceae, Moraceae, Rubiaceae, Sterculiaceae, Tiliaceae); Dr. Kongkanda Chayamarit (Anacardiaceae, Capparaceae); Dr. Piya Chalermglin (Annonaceae, Magnoliaceae); Dr. Pranom Chantaranothai (Myrtaceae, Lecythidaceae) Preparation of use data - Tim Rayden, Kym Leggett, Kate Hardwick Editing & proof reading - Bandit Grivijitr, Kym Leggett, Dr Kobkiat Saengnil, Pranee P?lee, M.A. Smansnid Svasti, Tony Ball Translation of uses and Thai index Natenapit Jitlam Printing -Surasak lntanon & Amarin Printing & Publishing staffs. Herbariums, Libraries and Databases - CMU Herbarium, Biology Department, Chiang Mai University; Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University; Royal Forest Department Herbarium, Bangkok; Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden, Chiang Mai; Faculty of Pharmacy , Mahidol University; Kasetsart University. Finally, we would like to thank our friends and families who encouraged and supported us throughout the process of preparing this book.....Genesis of Water and Life: Amidst changes and development in many fields, Thailand faces an alarming environmental crisis. In the last decades, the forest areas have been exploited at a fast rate which is one of the important causes of flooding, droughts and unpredictable climate. Conflicts over the management of natural resources have been an unavoidable part of life for our generation. The "Genesis of Water and Life" project was formed as �knowledge-based response to these issues. In 1994, a project was initiated by the Ministry of Agriculture to protect the watershed area by using more than 10 years of experience working at Kao Sammoen with the support of the UN. Our aim has been to promote harmony between humankind and nature by encouraging people to conserve natural resources through sustainable resource management and integrated agriculture. We are developing a variety of media in vernacular languages for com- munication amongst local peoples in the watershed areas. Additional equipment including motorcycles, televisions and portable video players have been provided for the convenience of Forestry Department officials. From 1997, we have cooperated with Chiang Mai University and "Gong Tun Chum Chon Rak Pa" (Forest Lovers' Community Fund) to support forest restoration by building firebreaks in the protected forests of the upper Ping and Wang watersheds which cover an area of more than 120,000 rai (19,200 hectares). By this means, we hope to save the watershed areas without changing the local people's lifestyle or faith. We also promote academic activities, arts and culture in the urban community to improve relationships in a joint effort to protect and conserve the natural environment . The book "A Field Guide to Forest Trees of Northern Thailand" is one of our recent project activities. We sincerely wish that this book will be a bridge that passes on knowledge, compassion and a sense of ecological awareness and conservation of trees in the forest area of Northern Thailand. His venerable Phra Dhamma Pitaka (P. Payutto) has admonished us that: "People in this generation have exploited a great amount of natural resources of the world.They have no awareness of our environment and have depleted the land, so it is necessary that they revolutionize themselves now together with creating an awareness of restoring the natural environment amongst new generations". His advice should be heeded by us all. Watersheds are the source of forests, water and life. We must all work together to conserve what is left of our natural heritage for future generations - Toyota Thailand Foundation..."
Source/publisher: Chiang Mai University, The World Bank, International Union for Conservation of Nature, Toyota Foundation Thailand, Kobfai
Date of publication: 2007-10-00
Date of entry/update: 2021-05-14
Grouping: Individual Documents
Language:
Format : pdf
Size: 29.76 MB (555 pages)
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Title: Forest law enforcement governance and trade in Myanmar
Sub-title: A conflict-sensitivity analysis
Description: "The aim of this paper is to provide a conflict-sensitivity analysis of forest governance in Myanmar to inform all stakeholders involved in the negotiations of the Forest Law Enforcement, Governance and Trade Voluntary Partnership Agreement (FLEGT VPA) in Myanmar. Drawing on several case studies from across the country, this report seeks to provide an overview of how different types of conflict are related to forest governance, and how the positive and negative impacts of forest governance reforms in Myanmar might be considered to help inform a “conflict-sensitive” approach to the FLEGT VPA process in Myanmar. Myanmar is in the middle of a complex, precarious, and lengthy process of trying to negotiate peace after six decades of internal armed conflict. At the same time, it is in transition from military rule to a more democratic form of governance. A key issue in the democratic transition and peace process are questions about the future governance of Myanmar’s valuable natural resources, including teak, rosewood, and other valuable timber species that are predominately found in conflict-affected areas of the country. Within this context, any discussions about governance arrangements for natural resources, such as a VPA, risk unintentionally exacerbating deep-rooted grievances. Additionally, the tensions and conflict dynamics in the country will, by nature, influence the process of negotiating the VPA. Recognising this two-way interaction between conflict and the VPA process is at the crux of a conflict-sensitive approach. This paper proposes the development of a simple tool, referred to here as a “conflict risk analysis”, to help the stakeholders involved in the VPA process identify, monitor, and mitigate potential risks and opportunities of the process on key conflict and peace issues related to the VPA. As a starting point for discussion, we propose the following four key issues to be monitored: • Participation – to what extent do all groups have an opportunity to participate in the VPA process? Are any stakeholders excluded? • Communication – Is the process accountable, transparent, and clearly communicated, and is the process building greater trust between stakeholders? • Gender – to what extent are women participating meaningfully in the VPA consultation, negotiation and decision-making processes? Are their needs taken into account? • Community empowerment – to what extent do the process and outcomes of the VPA empower communities and civil society, especially marginalised communities including conflict-affected communities, for more inclusive, representative, and participatory forest governance? Why is this important? Participation, communication, gender and community empowerment are all factors that, if not managed well, could lead to increased tension. Lack of transparency around the process and the decisions being made could lead to lack of trust in the process and other governance processes. However, if managed well, these factors could contribute significantly to building more positive relationships between the different ethnic communities, local and national government, the private sector and armed actors. By regularly monitoring these risk factors, the Interim Task Force (ITF) or Multi-Stakeholder Group (MSG)1 can avoid exacerbating conflict tensions, mitigate risks and support moving towards peace and reconciliation. Inclusive participation of civil society and ethnic communities, based on transparent two-way communication flows, will be key to achieving this. To put the FLEGT VPA process in context in Myanmar, this paper also takes a wider look at forest governance and illegal logging in Myanmar. It identifies several key issues – such as the political economy of timber, illegal logging, community land and forest rights – that need to be addressed to ensure that the governance of forest resources helps contribute to peace. The paper suggests that all stakeholders should take care to ensure that the VPA process does not get too far ahead of the peace process and political dialogue currently under way in Myanmar, in order to avoid adverse impacts. A peacebuilding approach could look to achieve incremental governance improvements that can enhance the lives of forest-dependent communities through inclusive multi-stakeholder dialogues (such as through the platforms envisaged for a VPA process) and by increasing community participation, in addition to the formal structures of the political dialogue. The meaningful participation of women, youth, and rural stakeholders from all ethnicities will be key to this. Looking beyond the peace process, the paper identifies several key areas or governance reforms in Myanmar’s forestry sector. The paper draws on five short case studies to highlight specific challenges – including insecure land tenure, illegal logging, and challenges in operating community forestry in conflict-affected areas – faced by communities affected by forest governance weaknesses, as well as community-level approaches to address them. The paper stops short of issuing firm recommendations as, ultimately, it will be for the stakeholders involved in the VPA process to determine the scope and ambition of the VPA in Myanmar – including the extent to which they wish to use the VPA to introduce governance reforms that can contribute to peace. However, by highlighting certain issues that are important to peacebuilding efforts in Myanmar, it is our intention to support those stakeholders in setting that ambition, and showing concrete ways in which such ambitions could be approached..."
Creator/author:
Source/publisher: International Alert (London)
Date of publication: 2017-10-00
Date of entry/update: 2021-04-27
Grouping: Individual Documents
Language:
Format : pdf
Size: 701.47 KB
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Title: European Union Timber Regulation (EUTR)
Description: "The EU Timber Regulation (EUTR) came into force on 3rd March 2013, making it illegal to place illegally harvested timber and timber products on the EU market. The legislation affects all those that first place timber on the EU market as well as traders further down the supply chain. After 3rd March 2013, it has become a crime to place illegal timber on EU markets and all organisations affected by the Regulation have to adopt practices to assure that the timber or timber products they trade and supply are legal, as a minimum."
Source/publisher: Forest Stewardship Council
Date of entry/update: 2014-03-27
Grouping: Individual Documents
Language: English
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