Refugees: international standards, mechanisms and research
Websites/Multiple Documents
Description:
Research on refugees/migrants, mostly Thailand-related
Source/publisher:
Asian Research Center for Migration, Institute of Asian Studies, Chulalongkorn University
Date of entry/update:
2012-08-18
Grouping:
Websites/Multiple Documents
Language:
English
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Description:
"Conclusions on International Protection
International protection is included as a priority theme on the agenda of each session of the Executive Committee. The consensus reached by the Committee in the course of its discussions is expressed in the form of Conclusions on International Protection (ExCom Conclusions).
Although not formally binding, they are relevant to the interpretation of the international protection regime. ExCom Conclusions constitute expressions of opinion which are broadly representative of the views of the international community. The specialist knowledge of ExCom and the fact that its Conclusions are taken by consensus add further weight...The complete collection of ExCom Conclusions (updated 2004) has been compiled to benefit those who wish to download and print all the Conclusions. It includes a table of contents and index..."
Source/publisher:
UNHCR
Date of entry/update:
2010-12-17
Grouping:
Websites/Multiple Documents
Language:
English
more
Description:
Non-refoulement is a principle of the international law, i.e. of customary and trucial Law of Nations which forbids the rendering a true victim of persecution to their persecutor; persecutor generally referring to a state-actor (country/government).
Non-refoulement is a key facet of refugee law, that concerns the protection of refugees from being returned to places where their lives or freedoms could be threatened. Unlike political asylum, which applies to those who can prove a well-grounded fear of persecution based on membership in a social group or class of persons, non-refoulement refers to the generic repatriation of people, generally refugees into war zones and other disaster areas.
Non-refoulement is a jus cogens (peremptory norm) of international law that forbids the expulsion of a refugee into an area, usually their home-country, where the person might be again subjected to persecution.
Source/publisher:
Wikipedia
Date of entry/update:
2012-08-23
Grouping:
Websites/Multiple Documents
Category:
Refugees: international standards, mechanisms and research, Proposed return of Burmese asylum-seekers from Thailand to Burma
Language:
English
more
Description:
"The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees was established on December 14, 1950 by the United Nations General Assembly. The agency is mandated to lead and co-ordinate international action to protect refugees and resolve refugee problems worldwide. Its primary purpose is to safeguard the rights and well-being of refugees. It strives to ensure that everyone can exercise the right to seek asylum and find safe refuge in another State, with the option to return home voluntarily, integrate locally or to resettle in a third country. It also has a mandate to help stateless people...".....Use the drop-down menu (top right) to access the Myanmar page
Source/publisher:
Office of the UN Hight Commissioner for Human Rights (UNHCR)
Date of entry/update:
2014-02-11
Grouping:
Websites/Multiple Documents
Language:
Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, Spanish
more
Description:
Contents:
List of annexes page viii...
Notes on contributors and editors ix...
Foreword xv...
Preface xvii...
Acknowledgments xx...
Expert roundtables and topics under the second track? of the
Global Consultations xxi...
Table of cases xxii
Table of treaties and other international instruments xlv
List of abbreviations lv...
Part 1 Introduction:
1.1 Refugee protection in international law: an overall
perspective 3...
volker turk and frances nicholson
1.2 Age and gender dimensions in international refugee law 46
alice edwards
1.3 Declaration of States Parties to the 1951 Convention and/or its
1967 Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees 81
Part 2 Non-refoulement (Article 33 of the 1951 Convention)
2.1 The scope and content of the principle of non-refoulement:
Opinion 87
sir elihu lauterpacht qc and daniel bethlehem
2.2 Summary Conclusions: the principle of non-refoulement, expert
roundtable, Cambridge, July 2001 178
2.3 List of participants 180
v
vi Contents
Part 3 Illegal entry (Article 31)
3.1 Article 31 of the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees:
non-penalization, detention, and protection 185
guy s . goodwin-gill
3.2 Summary Conclusions: Article 31 of the 1951 Convention, expert
roundtable, Geneva,November 2001 253
3.3 List of participants 259
Part 4 Membership of a particular social group (Article 1A(2))
4.1 Protected characteristics and social perceptions: an analysis of the
meaning of membership of a particular social group? 263
t. alexander aleinikoff
4.2 Summary Conclusions: membership of a particular social
group, expert roundtable, San Remo, September 2001 312
4.3 List of participants 314
Part 5 Gender-related persecution (Article 1A(2))
5.1 Gender-related persecution 319
rodger haines qc
5.2 Summary Conclusions: gender-related persecution, expert roundtable,
San Remo, September 2001 351
5.3 List of participants 353
Part 6 Internal protection/relocation/flight alternative
6.1 Internal protection/relocation/flight alternative as an aspect of refugee
status determination 357
james c. hathaway and michelle foster
6.2 Summary Conclusions: internal protection/relocation/flight
alternative, expert roundtable, San Remo, September 2001 418
6.3 List of participants 420
Part 7 Exclusion (Article 1F)
7.1 Current issues in the application of the exclusion clauses 425
geoff gilbert
Contents vii
7.2 Summary Conclusions: exclusion from refugee status, expert
roundtable, Lisbon, May 2001 479
7.3 List of participants 486
Part 8 Cessation (Article 1C)
8.1 Cessation of refugee protection 491
joan fitzpatrick and rafael bonoan
8.2 Summary Conclusions: cessation of refugee status, expert roundtable,
Lisbon, May 2001 545
8.3 List of participants 551
Part 9 Family unity (Final Act, 1951UN Conference)
9.1 Family unity and refugee protection 555
kate jastram and kathleen newland
9.2 Summary Conclusions: family unity, expert roundtable, Geneva,
November 2001 604
9.3 List of participants 609
Part 10 Supervisory responsibility (Article 35)
10.1 Supervising the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees:
Article 35 and beyond 613
walter ka? lin
10.2 Summary Conclusions: supervisory responsibility, expert roundtable,
Cambridge, July 2001 667
10.3 List of participants 672
Index 674
Annexes
2.1 Status of ratifications of key international instruments which include a
non-refoulement component page 164
2.2 Constitutional and legislative provisions importing the principle of
non-refoulement into municipal law 171
3.1 Incorporation of Article 31 of the 1951 Convention into municipal law:
selected legislation 234
viii
Edited by Erika Feller, Volker Türk and Frances Nicholson
Source/publisher:
UNHCR
Date of publication:
2003-01-01
Date of entry/update:
2010-12-21
Grouping:
Websites/Multiple Documents
Language:
English, French
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Description:
A substantial set of documents on refugees...Use the Country drop-down menu or search.
Source/publisher:
UNHCR
Date of entry/update:
2009-01-29
Grouping:
Websites/Multiple Documents
Language:
English
more
Description:
More than 7000 documents (June 2003); 13192 (January 2014)
Source/publisher:
UNHCR
Date of entry/update:
2003-06-03
Grouping:
Websites/Multiple Documents
Language:
English
more
Description:
search for "EXCOM Conclusions and Decisions"
Source/publisher:
UNHCR
Date of entry/update:
2010-12-17
Grouping:
Websites/Multiple Documents
Language:
English
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Individual Documents
Description:
Executive Summary:
"The article discusses the principles of voluntariness, safety, and dignity in the context of refugee repatriation. It begins by setting out the applicable legal framework, and discusses how that framework has been elaborated upon and refined since 1951. The article then discusses how the principles of voluntariness, safety, and dignity have, in practice, been applied (or, in a few unfortunate cases, ignored). After noting that we are now living in an era of protracted refugee emergencies, the article concludes with a number of recommendations regarding alternatives to repatriation and the conditions under which repatriation can take place without offense to the principles of voluntariness, safety, and dignity..."
Source/publisher:
"Journal on Migration and Human Security"
Date of publication:
2016-09-13
Date of entry/update:
2018-10-26
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Language:
more
Description:
"The principle of non-refoulement prescribes, broadly, that no refugee should be returned to any country where he or she is likely to face persecution or torture. In this chapter, the scope of the principle is examined against the background of a number of recurring issues: the question of ?risk?; the personal scope of the principle, including its application to certain categories of asylum seekers such as stowaways or those arriving directly by boat; exceptions to the principle; extraterritorial application; extradition; and the ?contingent? application of the principle in situations of mass influx. The possible application of non-refoulement or an analogous principle of refuge to those outside the 1951 Convention/1967 Protocol is also considered, as is the relationship between non-refoulement and asylum. The analysis takes account of the increasing number of references to non- refoulement..." Extracted (with the author?s permission) from
"The Refugee in International Law" by Guy S. Goodwin-Gill
Guy S. Goodwin-Gill
Source/publisher:
OUP
Date of publication:
1996-00-00
Date of entry/update:
2015-05-23
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Refoulement, push-backs and rejection at borders, Proposed return of Burmese asylum-seekers from Thailand to Burma, Burmese refugees in Bangladesh, Discrimination against the Rohingya, Refugees: international standards, mechanisms and research
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
327.46 KB
Local URL:
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Description:
"Irregular maritime movements of
mixed populations that include
persons of concern to UNHCR
have been prevalent in the Asia-
Pacific region for many years, but
movements through South-East
Asia, largely originating from the
Bay of Bengal, have increased at a
particularly rapid rate following
inter-communal violence in
Myanmar in June 2012. Since
then, some 87,000 people are
estimated to have departed by
sea from the Bangladesh-
Myanmar border area.
This trend has continued through the first half of
2014, during which the main
route of irregular maritime movement in South-East
Asia remained the
journey through the Bay of Bengal and Andaman Sea f
rom the Bangladesh-
Myanmar maritime border to the Malaysia-Thailand ma
ritime border. Other
irregular maritime movements passing through South-
East Asia followed
routes through the Indian Ocean from South Asia and
Indonesia to Australia,
and across the Strait of Malacca from Malaysia to I
ndonesia.
Although the precise number of people travelling on
such routes is unknown
and likely much greater than what has been reported
, UNHCR is aware of over
20,000 irregular maritime departures from the Bangl
adesh-Myanmar border
area in the first half of 2014, in addition to hund
reds who have attempted the
boat journey to Australia.
Given the high proportion and total number of perso
ns of concern to UNHCR
departing by sea from the Bangladesh-Myanmar border
, as well as a lack of
access to those who travelled along other routes, t
his report largely focuses
on the journey between the Bangladesh-Myanmar borde
r and the Malaysia-
Thailand border.
Irregular maritime movements are by their nature cl
andestine, making the
data on such movements difficult to independently v
erify. The information in
this report is compiled from various sources, inclu
ding direct interviews with
persons of concern, implementing partners, media re
ports, and governments"
Source/publisher:
United Nations HighCommissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
Date of publication:
2014-06-00
Date of entry/update:
2014-09-16
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Language:
English
more
Description:
INTRODUCTION (By Guy S. Goodwin-Gill): "The 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees, with just one ?amending? and updating Protocol adopted in 1967 (on which, see further below), is the central feature in today?s international regime of refugee protection, and some 144 States (out of a total United Nations membership of 192) have now ratified either one or both of these instruments (as of August 2008). The Convention, which entered into force in 1954, is by far the most widely ratified refugee treaty, and remains central also to the protection activities of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)...".....PROCEDURAL HISTORY...DOCUMENTS...STATUS
Source/publisher:
United Nations (Audiovisual History of International Law)
Date of entry/update:
2010-12-21
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Language:
English (also available in Arabic, Chinese, French, Russian and Spanish)
more
Description:
(EPAU/2001/10)_ "UNITED NATIONS HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR REFUGEESEVALUATION AND POLICY ANALYSIS UNIT"_
"UNHCR?s Evaluation and Policy Analysis Unit (EPAU) is committed to the systematic examination and assessment of UNHCR policies, programmes, projects and practices. EPAU also promotes rigorous research on issues related to the work of UNHCR and encourages an active exchange of ideas and information between humanitarian practitioners, policymakers and the research community. All of these activities are undertaken with the purpose of strengthening UNHCR?s operational effectiveness, thereby enhancing the organization?s capacity to fulfil its mandate on behalf of refugees and other displaced people. The work of the unit is guided by the principles of transparency, independence, consultation and relevance....."
CONTENTS:
Introduction,
Protection focus,
Conceptual issues,
Urban refugee profile,
Self-reliance and solutions,
Movement from camps,
?Irregular? movements,
Refugees as partners,
Annex: UNHCR?s policy on refugees in urban areas.
Naoko Obi, Jeff Crisp
Source/publisher:
UNHCR_Evaluation and Policy Analysis Unit
Date of publication:
2001-12-00
Date of entry/update:
2010-12-21
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Language:
English
more
Description:
(EPAU/2001/07)_
UNHCR?s Evaluation and Policy Analysis Unit (EPAU) is committed to the systematic examination and assessment of UNHCR policies, programmes, projects and practices. EPAU also promotes rigorous research on issues related to the work of UNHCR and encourages an active exchange of ideas and information between humanitarian practitioners, policymakers and the research community. All of these activities are undertaken with the purpose of strengthening UNHCR?s operational effectiveness, thereby enhancing the organization?s capacity to fulfil its mandate on behalf of refugees and other displaced people. The work of the unit is guided by the principles of transparency, independence, consultation and relevance....."
Stefan Sperl
Source/publisher:
UNHCR Evaluation and Policy Analysis Unit
Date of publication:
2001-06-00
Date of entry/update:
2010-12-21
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Language:
English
more
Description:
Chapter 1 - UNHCR?s Mandate for Voluntary Repatriation:
1.1 The Statute;
1.2 The 1951 Convention on the Status of Refugees;
1.3 General Assembly Resolutions;
1.4 UNHCR Executive Committee Conclusions;
1.5 Requests by the Secretary-General;
1.6 Summary of the Current UNHCR Mandate for Voluntary
Repatriation...
Chapter 2 - The Protection Content of Voluntary Repatriation:
2.1 International Human Rights Instruments and the Right to Return;
2.2 Cessation of Status and Fundamental Changes in the Country of
Origin;
2.3 Voluntariness;
2.4 Ensuring Return in Safety and with Dignity;
2.5 Responsibilities of the Host Country;
2.6 Responsibilities of the Country of Origin...
Chapter 3 - UNHCR?s Role in Voluntary Repatriation Operations:;
3.1 Promotion of Solutions, Promotion of Repatriation, Facilitation
3.2 Profile of the Refugee Community and of the Country of Origin;
3.3 "Organized" and "Spontaneous" Repatriation: Being Prepared;
3.4 Cross-Border Coordination;
3.5 Communication in Repatriation Operations: Whom Do We Talk
To?;
3.6 Repatriation Negotiations and Agreements;
3.7 New Arrivals;
3.8 Residual Caseload...
Chapter 4 - Voluntariness: Practical Measures:
4.1 Establishing the Voluntary Character of Repatriation;
4.2 Information Campaigns;
4.3 Interviewing, Counselling and Registration;
4.4 Computerization...
Chapter 5 - Repatriation in Complex Political Circumstances:
5.1 Repatriation During Conflict;
5.2 Repatriation as Part of a Political Settlement...
Chapter 6 - UNHCR?s Role in the Country of Origin:
6.1 UNHCR?s Mandate for Returnee Monitoring;
6.2 Returnee Monitoring: Amnesties and Guarantees, Monitoring,
Reporting, Intervening;
6.3 Internally Displaced Person;
6.4 Reintegration – the Anchor to Repatriation;
6.5 Landmines...
Chapter 7 - Vulnerable Groups:
7.1 General Considerations;
7.2 Unaccompanied Children;
7.3 Tracing...
Chapter 8 - Other Important Aspects:
8.1 Personal Belongings, Cash Holdings, Livestock, Pension
Entitlements;
8.2 Health;
8.3 Education;
8.4 Security Considerations and Transport Arrangements;
8.5 Repatriation and Elections in the Country of Origin;
8.6 Repatriation of Individual Cases...
Chapter 9 - Interagency and NGO Cooperation...
Annex 1. Checklists...
Annex 2. Executive Committee Conclusions 18 (XXXXI) and 40 (XXXVI).
Source/publisher:
UNHCR
Date of publication:
1996-00-00
Date of entry/update:
2010-12-21
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Language:
English
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Description:
Revised 2007...Resettlement: A Vital Instrument Of International Protection And An
Element Of Comprehensive Solutions...
Comprehensive Approach To Resolving Refugee Situations And Providing
Appropriate Durable Solutions:
2.1 Voluntary Repatriation
2.2 Local Integration
2.3 Resettlement in the Context of other Durable Solutions
Resettlement Processes Flowchart...
Refugee Status and Resettlement:
3.1 General Considerations
3.2 Mandate Refugee Status as a Precondition
3.3 Convention Status and Mandate Status
3.4 Eligibility under the 1951 Convention and Regional Instruments
3.5 Prima Facie Eligibility
3.6 Continued Need for Protection
3.7 Exclusion of Persons Considered to Be Undeserving of international Protection...
UNHCR Criteria for Determining Resettlement as the Appropriate Solution:
4.1 Basic Considerations
4.2 Legal and Physical Protection Needs
4.3 Survivors of Violence and Torture
4.4 Medical Needs
4.5 Women-at-Risk
4.6 Family Reunification
4.7 Children and Adolescents
4.8 Older Refugees
4.9 Refugees without Local Integration Prospects...
Special Issues:
5.1 Stateless Persons
5.2 Returnees
5.3 Irregular, Secondary or Onward Movement
5.4 Stowaways
5.5 Criminal Records
5.6 Ex-combatants...
Basic Procedures To Be Followed In Field Office Resettlement Operations:
6.1 Overview of Basic Resettlement Procedures
6.2 Standards, Accountability and Safeguards in the Resettlement Process
6.3 Case Identification
6.4 Case Assessment and Verification
6.5 Conducting Interviews
6.6 Preparation of a Resettlement Submission
6.7 UNHCR Submission Decision
6.8 State Decisions
6.9 Departure Arrangements and Monitoring...
Group Resettlement: Expanding Resettlement Opportunities And Using
Resettlement Strategically:
7.1 Purpose
7.2 Methodology
7.3 Tailored Approach...
Resettlement Management In Field Offices:
8.1 Resettlement Management
8.2 File Management and Tracking
8.3 Co-ordinating and planning resettlement activities
8.4 Combating fraud in the resettlement process
8.5 Managing resettlement expectations within the refugee population
8.6 Coping with Stress...
Resettlement Statistics And Data:
9.1 Resettlement Statistics...
Partnership And Liaison:
10.1 Partnerships within the context of the Agenda for Protection and Convention Plus
10.2 Interagency Cooperation
10.3 Governments and Resettlement Operations
10.4 Non-Governmental Organizations
10.4 The Media...
Training On Resettlement... Revised Country Chapters:
Australia;
Benin;
Burkina Faso;
Canada;
Chile;
Denmark;
Finland;
Iceland;
Ireland;
The Netherlands;
New Zealand;
Norway;
Sweden;
United States of America.
Source/publisher:
UNHCR
Date of publication:
2004-11-01
Date of entry/update:
2010-12-21
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Language:
English
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Description:
(4th edition).....
"This compilation consists of selected paragraphs of the Conclusions of UNHCR?s
Executive Committee grouped by subject. It seeks to show the progressive development of
Executive Committee deliberations on a given topic over time, and to add a reference tool
to the chronological arrangement of Executive Committee Conclusions already published
by UNHCR.
The first edition of this compilation was published in 2001 to mark the 50th anniversary of
the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees. This 2nd edition includes Executive
Committee conclusions from 1975, when they were first adopted, to 2004.
The compilation is separated into 66 major chapters, arranged alphabetically. Many of the
chapters are then divided into several subchapters, which are also arranged alphabetically.
The conclusions are in chronological order within each subchapter, or within the chapter if
there are no subchapters...TABLE OF CONTENTS:
KEY TO USING THE COMPILATION. 2
TABLE OF CONTENTS 3
ACCESS 9
Access by UNHCR and Others 9
Access to Asylum Procedures 10
Denial of Access 11
Rejection at Frontiers 12
Safe Country of Origin 13
Safe Third Country 13
States? Readiness to Admit / Receive 14
ACCESSION ? SEE CONVENTION OF 1951 AND 1967 PROTOCOL
AGE, GENDER AND DIVERSITY MAINSTREAMING 15
AGENDA FOR PROTECTION ? SEE GLOBAL CONSULTATIONS /
AGENDA FOR PROTECTION
ASYLUM 17
Conclusions Specific to Asylum 17
Declaration on Territorial Asylum 21
Draft Convention on Territorial Asylum 21
First Country of Asylum 21
Institution / Character of Asylum 22
Liberal Asylum Practices 26
Restrictive Asylum Practices 27
Right to Seek Asylum 28
ASYLUM SEEKERS AT SEA ? RESCUE AT SEA 30
BURDEN AND RESPONSIBILITY SHARING / INTERNATIONAL
COOPERATION OF STATES 37
Access / Asylum 37
Burden of (First) Countries of Asylum / Mass Influx 38
International Initiatives and Cooperation 47
Irregular Movement of Refugees and Asylum Seekers From a Country in
Which They Had Already Found Protection 53
Prevention / Causes / Solutions 53
Resettlement Opportunities 56
CAPACITY BUILDING 59
CAUSES OF POPULATION DISPLACEMENTS 61
Actual Causes 61
Comprehensive Approach 63
Irregular Movement of Refugees and Asylum Seekers from a Country in
Which They Had Already Found Protection 66
Mass Influx 67
Prevention / Causes / Solutions 68
CESSATION OF REFUGEE STATUS 70
CHILDREN 72
Conclusions Specific to Children 72
Special Protection Needs 78
Unaccompanied Minors / Separated Children 82
UNHCR Policy and Guidelines 83
Violations of Rights (Forced Recruitment, Sexual Abuse, etc) 84
COMPLEMENTARY FORMS OF PROTECTION 87
COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH 88
Conclusion Specific to Comprehensive Approach 88
Nature of Comprehensive Approach 90
Need for Comprehensive Approach 94
CONVENTION OF 1951 AND 1967 PROTOCOL 96
Accession 96
Conclusions Specific to the Convention and Protocol 100
Implementation 102
Significance of Convention and Protocol 107
State Reporting 110
UNHCR?s Supervisory Role 111
CONVENTION PLUS 112
DETENTION 114
DISABLED REFUGEES 118
DISCRIMINATION 119
DOCUMENTATION 121
Conclusions Specific to Documentation 121
Confidentiality 123
Destruction of Documents / Fraudulent Documents 124
Identity Documents / Certificates of Refugee Status / Personal
Documentation 125
Registration 129
Travel Documents 133
DURABLE SOLUTIONS 135
DUTIES OF REFUGEES AND ASYLUM SEEKERS 148
EDUCATION 150
EMPLOYMENT / SELF-SUFFICENCY / SELF-RELIANCE 154
ENVIRONMENT 156
EXCLUSION 157
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE CONCLUSIONS 159
Conclusions 159
Sub-Committee of the Whole on International Protection 159
EXPULSION 162
EXTRADITION 165
FAMILY UNITY AND REUNIFICATION 166
FORCED RECRUITMENT 171GLOBAL CONSULTATIONS / AGENDA FOR PROTECTION 174
HUMANITARIAN LAW 179
HUMAN RIGHTS 183
Basic Standards of Treatment 183
Child Rights / Convention on the Rights of the Child 187
Comprehensive Approach 190
Convention Against Torture 191
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights 192
Link Between Human Rights and Refugee Issues 192
Responsibilities of States 196
Role of the High Commissioner for Refugees 199
Sexual Violence 200
Universal Declaration of Human Rights 203
Violations of Human Rights 204
Women?s Rights 206
ILLEGAL ENTRY 208
IMPLEMENTATION ? SEE CONVENTION OF 1951 AND 1967
PROTOCOL
INTERCEPTION 209
INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS 212
Causes of Displacement 212
Conclusion Specific to Internally Displaced Persons 212
High Commissioner?s Role and Mandate 214
New Approaches 216
INTERNATIONAL PROTECTION 218
IRREGULAR MOVEMENT OF REFUGEES AND ASYLUM SEEKERS
FROM A COUNTRY IN WHICH THEY HAD ALREADY FOUND
PROTECTION 223
LOCAL INTEGRATION 226
MASS MOVEMENTS 230
Asylum / Non-Refoulement 230
Conclusions Specific to Mass Influx 231
Durable Solutions 235
General 236
Protracted Refugee Situations 237
Responses to Mass-Influx / Temporary Protection / Responsibility and
Burden-Sharing 240
MIGRATION 247
MILITARY OR ARMED ATTACKS ON REFUGEE CAMPS AND
SETTLEMENTS / CIVILIAN AND HUMANITARIAN
CHARACTER OF ASYLUM 249
Character and Location of Camps 249
Children and Adolescents 251
Conclusions Specific to Military or Armed Attacks on Refugee Camps and
Settlements 252
Duties of Refugees 256
Maintaining the Civilian and Humanitarian Character of Asylum 256
Protection and Assistance 260Responsibilities of States 262
Violations of Refugee and Asylum Seeker?s Rights / Personal Security 263
NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS 268
Family Reunification 268
Internally Displaced Persons 268
Personal Security of Refugees and Asylum Seekers 268
Prevention 269
Promotion of Refugee Law / Public Awareness 269
Reception 271
Resettlement 271
Role in International Protection 272
Women / Children 272
NON-REFOULEMENT 275
Appeal to States 275
Comprehensive Approach 278
Definition / Character of Principle 279
Disregard of Principle / Violations of Rights / Personal Security 282
OLDER REFUGEES 285
PALESTINIANS 287
PARTICIPATION / COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT APPROACH /
EMPOWERMENT 289
PERSECUTION 291
Asylum / Non-Refoulement 291
Cessation of Refugee Status 292
Extradition 293
Fear of Persecution in Country of Asylum 293
Gender-Related Persecution / Sexual Violence 294
Reasons for Persecution 295
War / Armed Conflict 296
PERSONAL SECURITY / PHYSICAL VIOLENCE 298
Appeals to States, UNHCR and Others 298
Conclusions Specific to Personal Security / Physical Violence 302
Violations of Basic Rights and Personal / Physical Security 303
PREVENTION 308
Development / Rehabilitation Assistance 308
Exploration of New Options / Strategies 308
Inter-Relationship Between Protection and Solutions 310
Stateless Persons / Internally Displaced Persons 311
Women 312
PROMOTION OF REFUGEE LAW 313
Conclusions Specific to the Promotion of Refugee Law 313
Importance of Promotion / Methods of Promotion of Refugee Law 314
Statelessness 318
Women / Children 319
PUBLIC OPINION / PUBLIC AWARENESS 321
RECEPTION OF ASYLUM-SEEKERS 324
REFUGEE STATUS DETERMINATION 326
Conclusions Specific to Refugee Status Determination 326
Detention 330
Family Members / Women / Children 330
Identifying Country Responsible for Examining an Asylum Request 331
Manifestly Unfounded or Abusive Claims 333
Others in Need of International Protection 334
Procedures 336
Refugee Definition 343
REFUGEES WITHOUT AN ASYLUM COUNTRY 344
Conclusions Specific to Refugees Without an Asylum Country 344
General 346
Stowaways 346
REGIONAL APPROACHES 348
Conclusions Specific to Regional Approaches 348
Regional Initiatives 351
Regional Instruments 353
RESETTLEMENT 356
RETURN OF PERSONS FOUND NOT TO BE IN NEED OF
INTERNATIONAL PROTECTION 362
RIGHT TO RETURN 367
SEXUAL VIOLENCE 370
SMUGGLING AND TRAFFICKING 381
STATELESSNESS 383
STATUTE OF THE OFFICE OF UNHCR / MANDATE 389
STOWAWAY ASYLUM SEEKERS ? SEE REFUGEES WITHOUT AN
ASYLUM COUNTRY
TEMPORARY P
Source/publisher:
UNHCR
Date of publication:
2009-08-01
Date of entry/update:
2010-12-21
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Language:
English
more
Description:
"The Executive Committee,
Noting with appreciation the report of the Group of Experts on temporary refuge in situations
of large-scale influx, which met in Geneva from 21-24 April 1981, adopted the following
conclusions in regard to the protection of asylum seekers in situations of large-scale influx...."
Source/publisher:
UNHCR via The Refugee Law Reader
Date of publication:
1981-00-00
Date of entry/update:
2010-12-21
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Language:
English
more
Description:
"Handbook on Procedures and Criteria for Determining Refugee Status under the 1951 Convention and the 1967 Protocol relating to the Status of Refugees" .....
FOREWORD: (I) Refugee status, on the universal level, is governed by the 1951 Convention and the 1967 Protocol relating to the Status of Refugees. These two international legal instruments have been adopted within the framework of the United Nations. At the time of republishing this Handbook 110 states have become parties to the Convention or to the Protocol or to both instruments....."
Source/publisher:
UNHCR
Date of entry/update:
2010-12-21
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Language:
English
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Description:
Though the Chin refugees in Delhi are not mentioned, their legal situation is the same as that of the Afghan refugees who are the subject of this study.
Naoko Obi, Jeff Crisp
Source/publisher:
UNHCR Evaluation and Policy Analysis Unit
Date of publication:
2000-11-00
Date of entry/update:
2010-12-20
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Language:
English
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Description:
TABLE OF CONTENTS:
MAP OF THAI-BURMESE BORDER CAMPS;
ACRONYMS. iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ...v
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .. vi
1. INTRODUCTION .1
2. METHODOLOGY 2
3. CURRENT CONTEXT OF RESETTLEMENT ..3
4. IMPACT OF RESETTLEMENT: OVERALL OBSERVATIONS..4
4.1 Factors influencing depletion of skilled workers .5
4.2 Limited labour pool and the difficulty of replacement..6
4.3 Mood in the camps in the context of resettlement ..8
5. EDUCATION .8
5.1 Overall Impact on Education Sector...8
5.2 Actual and Anticipated Consequences of Resettlement on the Education Sector .11
5.3 Current and Possible Programmatic Responses to Resettlement: Coping Strategies ...12
5.4 Sectoral Recommendations for Education ...13
6. HEALTH14
6.1 Overall Impact on the Health Sector 14
6.2 Actual and Anticipated Consequences of Resettlement on the Health Sector...17
6.3 Current and Possible Programmatic Responses to Resettlement: Coping Strategies ...18
6.4 Sectoral Recommendations 19
7. CAMP ADMINISTRATION ...21
7.1 Overall findings ...21
7.2 Camp Committees ..22
7.3 CBOs..22
7.4 CBO and Camp Committee Recommendations ...25
8. OTHER RESETTLEMENT-AFFECTED GROUPS..25
8.1 Extremely Vulnerable Individuals (EVIs) ..25
8.2 Separated Children .26
9. POSITIVE IMPACTS ..26
10. FINANCIAL COSTS OF RESETTLEMENT..27
11. RECOMMENDATIONS TO KEY STAKEHOLDERS...27
11.1 NGOs and CBOs...27
11.2 UNHCR, IOM, OPE...29
11.3 Resettlement Countries.30
11.4 Royal Thai Government.31
11.5 Donors ..31
11.6 All Stakeholders 31
12. APPENDICES .32
Appendix A: Resettlement Activity vs. Education Level ..32
Appendix B: Guidelines and Procedures for the Identification of Myanmar .35
Refugees for Resettlement Submission.35
Appendix C: Camp-based workers, Education Level, and Projected Resettlement .39
Appendix D: Camp-Specific Data ..42
Appendix E: Financial Costs of Resettlement 49
Appendix F: List of Stakeholders Interviewed 51
DR. SUSAN BANKI AND DR. HAZEL LANG
Source/publisher:
CCSDPT
Date of publication:
2007-07-00
Date of entry/update:
2007-10-30
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Refugees: international standards, mechanisms and research, CCSDPT documents on resettlement
Language:
English
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