(4th edition)..... "This compilation consists of selected paragraphs of the Conclusions of UNHCR?s Executive Committee grouped by subject. It seeks to show the progressive development of Executive Committee deliberations on a given topic over time, and to add a reference tool to the chronological arrangement of Executive Committee Conclusions already published by UNHCR. The first edition of this compilation was published in 2001 to mark the 50th anniversary of the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees. This 2nd edition includes Executive Committee conclusions from 1975, when they were first adopted, to 2004. The compilation is separated into 66 major chapters, arranged alphabetically. Many of the chapters are then divided into several subchapters, which are also arranged alphabetically. The conclusions are in chronological order within each subchapter, or within the chapter if there are no subchapters...TABLE OF CONTENTS: KEY TO USING THE COMPILATION. 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS 3 ACCESS 9 Access by UNHCR and Others 9 Access to Asylum Procedures 10 Denial of Access 11 Rejection at Frontiers 12 Safe Country of Origin 13 Safe Third Country 13 States? Readiness to Admit / Receive 14 ACCESSION ? SEE CONVENTION OF 1951 AND 1967 PROTOCOL AGE, GENDER AND DIVERSITY MAINSTREAMING 15 AGENDA FOR PROTECTION ? SEE GLOBAL CONSULTATIONS / AGENDA FOR PROTECTION ASYLUM 17 Conclusions Specific to Asylum 17 Declaration on Territorial Asylum 21 Draft Convention on Territorial Asylum 21 First Country of Asylum 21 Institution / Character of Asylum 22 Liberal Asylum Practices 26 Restrictive Asylum Practices 27 Right to Seek Asylum 28 ASYLUM SEEKERS AT SEA ? RESCUE AT SEA 30 BURDEN AND RESPONSIBILITY SHARING / INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION OF STATES 37 Access / Asylum 37 Burden of (First) Countries of Asylum / Mass Influx 38 International Initiatives and Cooperation 47 Irregular Movement of Refugees and Asylum Seekers From a Country in Which They Had Already Found Protection 53 Prevention / Causes / Solutions 53 Resettlement Opportunities 56 CAPACITY BUILDING 59 CAUSES OF POPULATION DISPLACEMENTS 61 Actual Causes 61 Comprehensive Approach 63 Irregular Movement of Refugees and Asylum Seekers from a Country in Which They Had Already Found Protection 66 Mass Influx 67 Prevention / Causes / Solutions 68 CESSATION OF REFUGEE STATUS 70 CHILDREN 72 Conclusions Specific to Children 72 Special Protection Needs 78 Unaccompanied Minors / Separated Children 82 UNHCR Policy and Guidelines 83 Violations of Rights (Forced Recruitment, Sexual Abuse, etc) 84 COMPLEMENTARY FORMS OF PROTECTION 87 COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH 88 Conclusion Specific to Comprehensive Approach 88 Nature of Comprehensive Approach 90 Need for Comprehensive Approach 94 CONVENTION OF 1951 AND 1967 PROTOCOL 96 Accession 96 Conclusions Specific to the Convention and Protocol 100 Implementation 102 Significance of Convention and Protocol 107 State Reporting 110 UNHCR?s Supervisory Role 111 CONVENTION PLUS 112 DETENTION 114 DISABLED REFUGEES 118 DISCRIMINATION 119 DOCUMENTATION 121 Conclusions Specific to Documentation 121 Confidentiality 123 Destruction of Documents / Fraudulent Documents 124 Identity Documents / Certificates of Refugee Status / Personal Documentation 125 Registration 129 Travel Documents 133 DURABLE SOLUTIONS 135 DUTIES OF REFUGEES AND ASYLUM SEEKERS 148 EDUCATION 150 EMPLOYMENT / SELF-SUFFICENCY / SELF-RELIANCE 154 ENVIRONMENT 156 EXCLUSION 157 EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE CONCLUSIONS 159 Conclusions 159 Sub-Committee of the Whole on International Protection 159 EXPULSION 162 EXTRADITION 165 FAMILY UNITY AND REUNIFICATION 166 FORCED RECRUITMENT 171GLOBAL CONSULTATIONS / AGENDA FOR PROTECTION 174 HUMANITARIAN LAW 179 HUMAN RIGHTS 183 Basic Standards of Treatment 183 Child Rights / Convention on the Rights of the Child 187 Comprehensive Approach 190 Convention Against Torture 191 International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights 192 Link Between Human Rights and Refugee Issues 192 Responsibilities of States 196 Role of the High Commissioner for Refugees 199 Sexual Violence 200 Universal Declaration of Human Rights 203 Violations of Human Rights 204 Women?s Rights 206 ILLEGAL ENTRY 208 IMPLEMENTATION ? SEE CONVENTION OF 1951 AND 1967 PROTOCOL INTERCEPTION 209 INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS 212 Causes of Displacement 212 Conclusion Specific to Internally Displaced Persons 212 High Commissioner?s Role and Mandate 214 New Approaches 216 INTERNATIONAL PROTECTION 218 IRREGULAR MOVEMENT OF REFUGEES AND ASYLUM SEEKERS FROM A COUNTRY IN WHICH THEY HAD ALREADY FOUND PROTECTION 223 LOCAL INTEGRATION 226 MASS MOVEMENTS 230 Asylum / Non-Refoulement 230 Conclusions Specific to Mass Influx 231 Durable Solutions 235 General 236 Protracted Refugee Situations 237 Responses to Mass-Influx / Temporary Protection / Responsibility and Burden-Sharing 240 MIGRATION 247 MILITARY OR ARMED ATTACKS ON REFUGEE CAMPS AND SETTLEMENTS / CIVILIAN AND HUMANITARIAN CHARACTER OF ASYLUM 249 Character and Location of Camps 249 Children and Adolescents 251 Conclusions Specific to Military or Armed Attacks on Refugee Camps and Settlements 252 Duties of Refugees 256 Maintaining the Civilian and Humanitarian Character of Asylum 256 Protection and Assistance 260Responsibilities of States 262 Violations of Refugee and Asylum Seeker?s Rights / Personal Security 263 NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS 268 Family Reunification 268 Internally Displaced Persons 268 Personal Security of Refugees and Asylum Seekers 268 Prevention 269 Promotion of Refugee Law / Public Awareness 269 Reception 271 Resettlement 271 Role in International Protection 272 Women / Children 272 NON-REFOULEMENT 275 Appeal to States 275 Comprehensive Approach 278 Definition / Character of Principle 279 Disregard of Principle / Violations of Rights / Personal Security 282 OLDER REFUGEES 285 PALESTINIANS 287 PARTICIPATION / COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT APPROACH / EMPOWERMENT 289 PERSECUTION 291 Asylum / Non-Refoulement 291 Cessation of Refugee Status 292 Extradition 293 Fear of Persecution in Country of Asylum 293 Gender-Related Persecution / Sexual Violence 294 Reasons for Persecution 295 War / Armed Conflict 296 PERSONAL SECURITY / PHYSICAL VIOLENCE 298 Appeals to States, UNHCR and Others 298 Conclusions Specific to Personal Security / Physical Violence 302 Violations of Basic Rights and Personal / Physical Security 303 PREVENTION 308 Development / Rehabilitation Assistance 308 Exploration of New Options / Strategies 308 Inter-Relationship Between Protection and Solutions 310 Stateless Persons / Internally Displaced Persons 311 Women 312 PROMOTION OF REFUGEE LAW 313 Conclusions Specific to the Promotion of Refugee Law 313 Importance of Promotion / Methods of Promotion of Refugee Law 314 Statelessness 318 Women / Children 319 PUBLIC OPINION / PUBLIC AWARENESS 321 RECEPTION OF ASYLUM-SEEKERS 324 REFUGEE STATUS DETERMINATION 326 Conclusions Specific to Refugee Status Determination 326 Detention 330 Family Members / Women / Children 330 Identifying Country Responsible for Examining an Asylum Request 331 Manifestly Unfounded or Abusive Claims 333 Others in Need of International Protection 334 Procedures 336 Refugee Definition 343 REFUGEES WITHOUT AN ASYLUM COUNTRY 344 Conclusions Specific to Refugees Without an Asylum Country 344 General 346 Stowaways 346 REGIONAL APPROACHES 348 Conclusions Specific to Regional Approaches 348 Regional Initiatives 351 Regional Instruments 353 RESETTLEMENT 356 RETURN OF PERSONS FOUND NOT TO BE IN NEED OF INTERNATIONAL PROTECTION 362 RIGHT TO RETURN 367 SEXUAL VIOLENCE 370 SMUGGLING AND TRAFFICKING 381 STATELESSNESS 383 STATUTE OF THE OFFICE OF UNHCR / MANDATE 389 STOWAWAY ASYLUM SEEKERS ? SEE REFUGEES WITHOUT AN ASYLUM COUNTRY TEMPORARY P