Table of Contents: Foreword 1... Introduction 7... Glossary 19... Defining a Research Problem 27... Quantitative and Qualitative Research 39... Baseline Study 58... Survey Research (1) 74... Survey Research (2) 84... Sampling: Non-Probability Sampling 98... Sampling: Probability sampling 110... Focus Group Discussion (FGD) 124... In-depth Interviews 144... Participatory Learning Appraisal and its Tools 160... Participatory Action Research (PAR) 184... Research and Ethics 204... Research and Project Design 222... Case study 240... Quantitative Data Analysis 254... Qualitative data analysis 276... Using Secondary Sources or Existing Data 292... Evaluation Research 300... Supporting Details 314... Writing a Report 330... Policy and Advocacy brief Writing 342