Key findings include: * In considering international educational cooperation, key contextual issues need to be taken into account, including the political context; the lack of social capital; the current lack of capacity to build international ties; the educational context; and the centralization/decentralization of bureaucracy and higher education. * The Myanmar government has made reform of the entire higher education system a national priority. One of the main drivers is the recognition of the important role of human capital to the economic development goals of the country. * There is a very high level of enthusiasm and energy for addressing Myanmar?s pressing needs in higher education among university administrators, faculty and students. However, the challenges and needs currently exceed the capacity of the political and economic system to respond effectively. * The needs of higher education in Myanmar are extensive, from physical infrastructure and information technology, to the academic curriculum, the upgrading of the quality of faculty, reform higher education administration and governance, and international engagement. * Despite the many challenges, small-scale interactions with higher education institutions in Myanmar will help not only to address a number of immediate needs, but also to create the partnerships that can lay the groundwork for larger engagements.... * Recommendations for short- to mid-term goals for U.S.-Myanmar higher education cooperation include: o Expanding person-to-person networks through faculty and staff exchanges; o Helping inform the vision of Myanmar higher education through cooperation in curriculum development and basic research methods, as well as exposure to modern teaching methodologies and organizational/administrative issues; o Assisting in infrastructure development, especially related to libraries and science facilities; o Enhancing English language capacity of academic staff to teach effectively in English; o Better coordination of resources and current efforts, to avoid redundancy, maximize leveraging from individual initiatives and provide the greatest possible benefit from those limited resources..."