"...South Africa under apartheid offers the best example of how sanctions can be effective. International sanctions inflicted a wound so deep that negotiations became the only choice for the South African government. Burma cannot hope for military intervention, as in the case of Iraq or Serbia, for various geopolitical reasons, and the international strategy as to how to deal with the Burmese regime remains divided. But the sanctions, in their various forms, have proven to be fairly effective, especially from countries like the US. Washington has the power and political will to recognize real reform in Burma when it happens and could repeal existing sanctions. But if Rangoon continues its non-compliance concerning international calls for change, Washington could also punish the regime by stepping up sanctions on a variety of fronts, including further economic sanctions..."