"Overview Rakhine State has experienced several waves of violence and displacement since the early 1990s. Among the most significant were intercommunal fighting between the Rakhine and Rohingya communities in 2012, an outbreak of violence that forced hundreds of thousands of Rohingya to flee to Bangladesh in 2017, and armed conflict between the Arakan Army (AA) and Tatmadaw which commenced in 2016. Thus, 708,000 people from different ethnicities, spread across camps, villages and displacement sites are in need of humanitarian assistance. Of this figure, 630,000 Rohingya live in particularly precarious conditions after decades of being denied basic rights, including citizenship, freedom of movement and access to basic services. About 157,000 Rohingya remain displaced including 147,000 in Rakhine’s central townships since 2012 and an additional 10,000 in northern townships since 2017. They remain highly dependent on humanitarian aid. In addition, there are presently 78,000 largely ethnic Rakhine people displaced by the AA-Tatmadaw conflict in 168 sites. UNHCR also monitors the welfare of 31,000 returnees from this conflict. UNHCR has been present in Rakhine State since 1994 and works under its mandate to protect and support stateless populations, returnees, internally displaced people (IDPs), and other vulnerable groups. With offices in Maungdaw, Sittwe and Buthidaung, UNHCR carries out an extensive range of work, from humanitarian assistance, to coordination of relief efforts, rights advocacy and promotion of sustainable longer-term solutions for all communities..."