Economic activities of the Myanmar Military
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About 787,000 results (September 2017)
Source/publisher:
Google
Date of entry/update:
2017-09-19
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Link to a separate OBL sub-category
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Various sources
Date of entry/update:
2017-09-19
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"M1 Group, owned by the family of Lebanese Prime Minister Najib Mikati, is set to violate sanctions on Myanmar through their acquisition, activation and transfer of a lawful interception gateway (LIG) as part of their purchase of Telenor Myanmar. The sale involves M1 Group entities in Cyprus and the Cayman Islands, subject to EU and UK sanctions that prohibit the transfer and operation of surveillance technology.
The impending sanctions violations are being aided and abetted by Telenor Group, which is majority owned by the Norwegian government.
The M1 Group subsidiary that is contracted to purchase Telenor Myanmar, M1 Limited, is incorporated in the Republic of Cyprus, and is therefore subject to European Union sanctions.
Under Article 3.1 of EU restrictive measures, “The sale, supply, transfer or export of equipment, technology or software intended primarily for use in the monitoring or interception by the Government of Myanmar/Burma, or on its behalf, of the internet and of telephone communications on mobile or fixed networks in Myanmar/Burma, including the provision of any telecommunication or internet monitoring or interception services of any kind, as well as the provision of financial and technical assistance to install, operate or update such equipment, technology or software, by nationals of Member States or from the territories of Member States shall be prohibited.”
M1 Limited is registered at the south Nicosia address of the law firm Georgiades & Pelides LLC, which is affiliated to Themis Professional Services Limited. Two of the three company directors and the company secretary are Themis entities registered at the same address, and liable for EU sanctions violations. They are Themis Directors Limited, Themis Professional Directors Limited and Themis Secretarial Services Limited.
M1 Group’s shares in Investcom Pte. Ltd., a Singapore company set up for the sale, are held through a Cayman Islands shell company, M1 Infrastructure Limited.
The UK’s 2021 Myanmar (Sanctions) Regulations similarly prohibits the transfer of interception and monitoring goods, and is in force in the Cayman Islands.
Furthermore, the laws that govern the agreement between Telenor Group and M1 Group are those of the United Kingdom.
Following the Telenor Group transaction to Investcom Pte Ltd, in which M1 Group owns 51%, the company will transfer control of Telenor Myanmar, and its lawful interception gateway, to the military-linked company Shwe Byain Phyu, in violation of EU and UK sanctions.
According to an industry source, Telenor Myanmar management are aware that M1 Group and its local partner, Shwe Byain Phyu, intend to activate the lawful interception gateway (LIG) that Telenor Group has installed. The activation will also violate EU and UK sanctions.
Telenor Group owns Telenor Myanmar through Telenor South East Asia Investment Pte. Ltd, a Singapore holding company. Four Telenor Group executives exited the Telenor Myanmar board in June 2021, weeks before the announced sale to M1 Group. This included Håkon Bruaset Kjøl, a Telenor Group Senior Vice President who remains a director of the Singapore holding company. Telenor Group executives have overseen the sale and are responsible for transitional arrangements.
In recent comments to the Norwegian newspaper Aftenposten, Telenor Group CEO Sigve Brekke confirmed that the lawful interception system would be left in place. He refused to comment on the legal repercussions of the sale.
Justice For Myanmar therefore contends that Telenor Group has constructive knowledge that the Telenor Myanmar sale will result in breaches of EU and UK sanctions by M1 Group. Telenor Group is aiding and abetting M1 Group’s imminent sanctions violations.
That is in addition to Telenor Group’s own violations of Norwegian and EU sanctions as a result of their installation of the LIG, purchased from the Germany company, Utimaco, and its transfer to M1 Group, which Justice For Myanmar has previously documented.
In September 2021, Telenor stated that they have not yet activated the LIG because doing so would breach EU and Norwegian sanctions, and that they therefore have to exit Myanmar to prevent a sanctions breach.
It appears that Telenor’s divestment strategy is aimed at preventing direct and immediate fault for sanctions breaches, but is reckless about enabling purchasers from doing the same.
Once activated, the LIG will allow the terrorist Myanmar military junta to monitor communication on the Telenor Myanmar network in real time.
The sale will also involve the transfer of historical call data of more than 18 million current subscribers, which the junta can use to hunt down activists, journalists and humanitarian workers, who face torture and murder at the hands of the Myanmar military.
Justice For Myanmar spokesperson Yadanar Maung says: “Telenor Group and M1 Group are continuing to show an appalling disregard for the law and for the lives of Myanmar people.
The sale of Telenor’s Myanmar business to Shwe Byain Phyu and M1 Group will put millions at risk and embolden the military junta, which is a terrorist organisation.
Telenor has already provided de-facto recognition to the illegitimate junta in seeking regulatory approval.
Telenor is now proceeding to transfer dangerous surveillance technology to companies that intend to activate it, which will support the junta to intensify its terror campaign against the people.
We call on the Norwegian, UK, German and Cypriot governments to urgently intervene to stop the sale of Telenor Myanmar..."
Source/publisher:
Justice For Myanmar
Date of publication:
2022-04-22
Date of entry/update:
2022-03-22
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Title: Singapore authorities must act urgently to cut business links with terrorist Myanmar military
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"Oct. 25, 2021, Myanmar: As the military prepares to launch catastrophic clearance operations in north-western and upper Myanmar as part of the “Anawrahta” campaign, Singaporean radar engineer Lee Kar Heng is set to speak at the military’s annual Conference on Science and Technology Development. The conference takes place in Pyin Oo Lwin from October 26-27.
Lee Kar Heng is the sole proprietor of TBSS Group, a Singapore company that has provided equipment, training and support for the Myanmar military to development its radar capabilities, in partnership with Myanmar military broker Life and Challenge Company Limited. TBSS Group has involved its international partners in supplying equipment and training to the Myanmar military, including Keysight Technologies (USA), SkyRadar (Luxembourg/Germany), Dspnor (Norway) and RFBeam (Switzerland).
Recent engagement with US State Department Counselor Derek Chollet shows Singapore is considering using its financial leverage over the illegal military junta. Justice For Myanmar calls for concrete action now to stop the trade in arms, related materiel, training and support.
Justice For Myanmar spokesperson Yadanar Maung says: “It is deplorable that Singapore businesses are aiding the Myanmar military, which is a terrorist entity. Singaporean authorities should take immediate steps to end the use of their territory as the Myanmar military’s international business hub. This criminal military has been terrorising the people of Myanmar as they have continued to courageously resist the military's bloody and illegitimate coup attempt for nearly 9 months in the Spring Revolution. In response, the Myanmar military is attacking the people, committing inhumane acts, including deliberate killings, torture and rape. These crimes amount to crimes against humanity and war crimes. As of October 23, 1,196 people have been murdered, including children, and over 9,000 arrested. This is the backdrop in which Lee Kar Heng is speaking on radars and electronic warfare, continuing to pursue his business with war criminals. TBSS Group has also implicated businesses in Europe and the US, which have provided equipment and training. We demand an investigation into whether this training and supply of technology to Myanmar has breached EU or US arms controls. Myanmar arms dealers including Life and Challenge must be designated for targeted sanctions. The Myanmar military is about to commit a new wave of atrocity crimes against people of Chin State and Magway and Sagaing Regions. This yet again shows the urgency of a global arms embargo to end the international flow of arms to Myanmar military terrorists"..."
Source/publisher:
Justice For Myanmar
Date of publication:
2021-10-25
Date of entry/update:
2021-10-25
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Business and the Military, Economic activities of the Myanmar Military, 2021 Burma/Myanmar coup d'état
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"ကြေညာချက် (၁/၂၀၂၁)
မေလ ၂၃ ရက် ၂၀၂၁ ခုနှစ်။
===============
အကြမ်းဖက်စစ်အုပ်စုပိုင် စီးပွားရေးလုပ်ငန်းစုများနှင့် ဆက်စပ်ထုတ်ကုန်ပစ္စည်းများ၊ ဝန်ဆောင်မှုများအား အရှိန်အဟုန်မြှင့် သပိတ်မှောက်ကြရန် တိုက်တွန်းနှိုးဆော်ခြင်း
--------------------------
၁။ အကြမ်းဖက်စစ်အုပ်စု၏ ဝင်ငွေရလမ်းများအား ဟန့်တား၊ ပိတ်ဆို့၊ဖြတ်တောက်နိုင်ရေးသည် မြန်မာ့မြေပေါ်မှ စစ်အာဏာရှင်စနစ် လုံး၀ချုပ်ငြိမ်းပျောက်ကွယ်သွားစေရေးအတွက် လွန်စွာအရေးပါသည့် လုပ်ငန်းစဉ်တစ်ရပ် ဖြစ်သည်။
၂။ အဆိုပါလုပ်ငန်းစဉ်တွင် အကြမ်းဖက်စစ်အုပ်စုပိုင် စီးပွားရေးလုပ်ငန်းစုများနှင့် ဆက်စပ်ထုတ်ကုန်ပစ္စည်းများ၊ ဝန်ဆောင်မှုများ အား ပြတ်ပြတ်သားသား ဆန့်ကျင်သပိတ်မှောက်ခြင်းသည်လည်း အရေးကြီးသည့် အခန်းကဏ္ဍတစ်ခုအဖြစ် ပါဝင်သည်။
၃။ ခေတ်အဆက်ဆက် လက်နက်အားကိုးဖြင့် နိုင်ငံတော်အာဏာအား အကြမ်းဖက်သိမ်းယူခဲ့သည့် နောက်ကွယ်က တစ်ခုတည်း သော အဓိက အကြောင်းအရင်းသည် စစ်ခေါင်းဆောင်များနှင့် ၎င်းတို့မိသားစုဝင်များ၏ စီးပွားရေး အကျိုးအမြတ်များကို တည်ဆောက်ထူထောင် ၊ ချဲ့ထွင်ကာကွယ်ရန်သာဖြစ်သည်။
၄။ ယခုအခါ အကြမ်းဖက်စစ်အုပ်စု၏ စီးပွားရေးအင်ပါယာသည် ကျောက်မျက် ရတနာရောင်းဝယ်ခြင်း၊ စက်သုံးဆီဖြန့်ဖြူး ရောင်းချခြင်း၊ ဟိုတယ်လုပ်
ငန်း၊ ဘဏ်လုပ်ငန်း၊ အာမခံလုပ်ငန်း၊ ဆောက်လုပ်ရေးလုပ်ငန်း၊ ဆိပ်ကမ်းဝန်ဆောင်မှု မှစ၍ အရက်၊ ဘီယာ၊ စီးကရက်၊ ဘိလပ်မြေ၊ သံချောင်း၊ အိမ်မိုးသွပ်ပြား ထုတ်လုပ်ရောင်းချခြင်းအပါအဝင် ကော်ဖီမစ်၊ တီးမစ်၊ ဆပ်ပြာ၊ သွားတိုက်ဆေးပါမကျန် ဈေးကွက်နယ်ပယ်စုံ၌ ထိုးဖောက်နေရာယူကာ စီးပွားရေးအကျိုးအမြတ်များစွာ နှစ်စဉ်ရရှိနေပါသည်။
၅။ ထို့ကြောင့် အကြမ်းဖက်စစ်အုပ်စု သက်ဆိုးရှည်ရေးအတွက် အဓိကအသက်သွေးကြော ဝင်ငွေရလမ်းဖြစ်သည့် ပူးတွဲဖော်ပြပါ စစ်တပ်ပိုင် စီးပွားရေးလုပ်ငန်းစုများနှင့် ဆက်စပ်ထုတ်ကုန်ပစ္စည်းများ၊ ဝန်ဆောင်မှုများအားဝယ်ယူသုံးစွဲခြင်း၊ သိုလှောင် ဖြန့်ဖြူး ရောင်းချခြင်း အလျဉ်းမပြုလုပ်ကြရန်နှင့် အရှိန်အဟုန်မြှင့် သပိတ်မှောက်ကြရန် အထူးတိုက်တွန်း နှိုးဆော်အပ်ပါသည်။
တင်ထွန်းနိုင်
ပြည်ထောင်စုဝန်ကြီး
စီမံကိန်း ဘဏ္ဍာရေးနှင့် ရင်းနှီးမြှုပ်နှံမှုဝန်ကြီးဌာန..."
Source/publisher:
Ministry of Planning, Finance and Investment - Myanmar - NUG
Date of publication:
2021
Date of entry/update:
2021-05-24
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
National Unity Government (NUG), Economic activities of the Myanmar Military, Business and the Military, 2021 Burma/Myanmar coup d'état
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pdf
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452.56 KB
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"PetroChina International Singapore Pte Ltd sold a cargo of jet fuel into Myanmar in April, according to government import data reviewed by Reuters, the first such shipment since before the military seized power in a coup in February.
Industry sources say suppliers have been particularly wary of selling jet fuel because it could be used in planes to bomb ethnic armed groups that have been supporting anti-junta protesters, as well as in civilian airliners.
The shipment could raise new questions over China's role in Myanmar at a time when it has been accused by the junta's opponents of backing coup leader Min Aung Hlaing - an accusation rejected by Beijing.
China's foreign ministry did not immediately respond to a request for comment. PetroChina, a listed company controlled by state-owned China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPET.UL), did not respond to requests for comment about the fuel shipment.
The import data, which hasn't been published, shows PetroChina International shipped 13,300 tonnes of jet fuel and 4,000 tonnes of gasoline onboard tanker MT Yu Dong for discharge at Myanmar's Thilawa terminal on April 15.
Western nations including the United States and Britain have condemned the junta for killing hundreds of civilians and have applied limited sanctions, but there are currently no international measures outlawing oil product shipments.
And while the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), to which Myanmar belongs, has called for an end to violence and dialogue among the parties, it stopped well short of calling for sanctions in an April statement.
China has not been so forceful in condemning the junta and has simply said it wants to see stability in its neighbour, drawing accusations from some of the junta's opponents that it is supporting the military authorities.
"Given Beijing's desire to boost its influence in Naypyidaw, it seems unlikely that any Chinese state firm would be too concerned by the threat of backlash from the international community over doing business with Myanmar's government," said Henrick Tsjeng, an associate research fellow at the S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies at Singapore's Nanyang Technological University.
Activist group Justice for Myanmar condemned the fuel sale.
"We're appalled that PetroChina is exporting jet fuel to Myanmar, doing business with the war criminals who are conducting indiscriminate air strikes against ethnic communities," said spokeswoman Yadanar Maung.
Data from Singapore trade agency Enterprise Singapore confirmed a mid-April shipment of aviation turbine fuel into Myanmar. The fuel can be used by both commercial and military planes, possibly needing to be blended depending on the grade.
Reuters saw no evidence that the fuel was destined for military jets. The junta spokesman did not respond to calls requesting comment.
Military jets have carried out frequent bombing raids against ethnic armies opposed to the junta in northern and eastern Myanmar as fighting has surged since the Feb. 1 coup that toppled elected leader Aung San Suu Kyi.
One of the forces that has been bombed, the Kachin Independence Army, told Reuters it had attacked seven oil trucks it suspected of bringing aviation fuel in by road from China this week. It did not comment on the PetroChina shipment.
The Myanmar data showed PetroChina International sold the jet fuel to National Energy Puma Aviation Services Co Ltd (NEPAS), a joint venture between Puma Energy and Myanma Petroleum Enterprise (MPE). The gasoline went to three other local fuel importers.
Puma Energy told Reuters NEPAS arranged for delivery of a cargo at the Thilawa terminal on April 15, but declined to comment on the type of fuel being offloaded.
Puma Energy, a fuel storage and retail firm majority-owned by global commodities trader Trafigura, said it had suspended operations in Myanmar on Feb. 10 to ensure employee safety.
Since then, operations of the NEPAS joint venture are being carried out by majority shareholder MPE, Puma Energy's spokesman said.
MPE, owned by the Ministry of Electrical and Energy (MOEE) which is now under junta control, did not respond to a request for comment.
In addition to the jet fuel, 79,500 tonnes of gasoline and 110,700 tonnes of diesel were shipped to Myanmar last month from Asia's oil trading hub, Enterprise Singapore's data showed.
Myanmar last imported about 13,800 tonnes of jet fuel in February, according to government data. Monthly imports in 2019, before the COVID-19 pandemic, were about 14,500 tonnes.
PetroChina International Singapore is the Singapore-based trading unit of PetroChina Co Ltd (601857.SS), ..."
Source/publisher:
"Reuters" (UK)
Date of publication:
2021-05-20
Date of entry/update:
2021-05-22
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Business and the Military, Oil and gas, Burma's economic relations with China, Economic activities of the Myanmar Military, Human Rights and international relations, 2021 Burma/Myanmar coup d'état
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"UN Special Rapporteur Tom Andrews on Thursday urged all countries to follow the path taken by the United States, the United Kingdom and Canada.....Ramp up sanctions: “It is imperative that the international community ramp up the size and scope of sanctions as the junta ramps up its repression of the people of Myanmar”, he said.
Myanmar’s military leaders, known as the State Administrative Council (SAC), seized power in a coup in February and have launched brutal crackdowns against pro-democracy demonstrators.
UN Secretary-General António Guterres has repeatedly called on the military to respect the will of the people, and his Special Envoy, Christine Schraner Burgener, continues ongoing dialogue with key stakeholders in the region.....‘A new blow’: Mr. Andrews particularly highlighted the US decision to target the SAC and 16 individuals, announced on Monday, which freezes their assets and bars US nationals from providing funds, goods or services that benefit the coup leaders.
“This week the United States has taken one of the most significant steps to date against the Myanmar junta, first by sanctioning not only individuals but the State Administrative Council itself; and second, by opening the door to targeting those who continue to do business with the junta and therefore aid and abet their relentless attacks against the people of Myanmar,” he said.
“The designation of the SAC strikes a new blow to the junta’s finances. It is a significant step in the right direction.”.....A wake-up call: Mr Andrews added that the naming of the SAC paves the way for further designations of individuals or entities determined to have “materially assisted, sponsored, or provided financial, material, or technological support for, or goods or services to” the Council.
“This is a warning to all those who are willing to conduct business as usual with the junta,” he said. “Those who continue to aid and abet this murderous enterprise — be they international businesses, banks, arms traffickers, or government entities providing financial, technological or other support — are now on notice that they themselves could face sanctions.”
The rights expert added “I am hopeful that this action will be a wake-up call. Not only is doing business with the junta morally reprehensible, it could now mean being cut off from the U.S. financial system and/or facing criminal or civil penalties in the United States. If doing the right and just thing is not a factor in one’s decision making, then perhaps protecting one’s self interest will be.”.....Step up now: Mr Andrews also welcomed fresh sanctions imposed on Monday by the UK and Canada, including those which target the military from profiting from the timber and gems trade.
“The coordination of these sanctions by the US, UK, and Canada is a welcome development”, the UN expert said. “Hopefully it will lead to a tough, fully coordinated multilateral sanctions regime that enables nations to deliver the most powerful blow possible against the horror that is being inflicted on the people of Myanmar.”
He said, however, more must be done, and quickly.
“The revenue that they continue to seize from the oil and gas sector has become a lifeline for the junta. Profits from this sector are estimated to be close to what is needed to supply the forces that are keeping them in power,” he said.
“We know the junta’s sources of funds are limited and that the income from oil and gas sales helped previous juntas withstand international sanctions. The people of Myanmar cannot afford for history to repeat itself.”
Mr Andrews also called for other nations to take action. “I urge those countries that have yet to impose costs on the junta for its illegal coup and its systematic atrocities and human rights violations to reconsider,” he said. “Now is the time to step up.”.....Role of Special Rapporteurs: Special Rapporteurs, like Mr. Andrews, are appointed by the UN Human Rights Council to monitor specific countries or thematic issues.
They serve in their individual capacity and are not UN staff, nor are they paid by the Organization..."
Source/publisher:
UN News
Date of publication:
2021-05-20
Date of entry/update:
2021-05-21
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Human Rights and international relations, Sanctions - general, Economic activities of the Myanmar Military, Business and the Military, Sanctions, The UN and Burma - news and commentary
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"Today I would like to express my most sincere thanks to the Government of Canada for designating 16 individuals and 10 entities with strict sanctions who are supporting the killing of innocent civilians nationwide, most recently in Mindat, Chin State.
I would also like to reiterate my sincere thanks to the People and Government of Canada for standing in solidarity and being a strong voice for the people of Myanmar. I also want to express my gratitude for the efforts of the Canadian Government on coordinating targeted sanctions against key tatmadaw personnel, tatmadaw linked companies and enterprises such as MEC, MGE and MEHL together
with the United States and Great Britain. Additionally, I would like to further thank the Government of Canada for taking a strong leadership role in the UN and G7 summits on behalf of the people of Myanmar, and for the recognition of CRPH and NUG as important voices of many in this nation. The official press release is as follows:
May 17, 2021 - Ottawa, Ontario - Global Affairs Canada
“The Honourable Marc Gameau, Minister of Foreign Affairs, today announced additional sanctions against 16 individuals and 10 entities under the Special Economic Measures (Burma) Regulations in response to the military’s ongoing brutal repression of the people of Myanmar and their refusal to take steps to restore democracy.
These actions are taken in coordination with the United Kingdom and the United States, and align with measures recently imposed by the European Union. They are also consistent with our G7 commitment to continue to take action should the Tatmadaw fail to reverse its course. This latest step demonstrates our unwavering determination to hold the Tatmadaw accountable and help restore democracy as
demanded by the people of Myanmar. Canada will continue to take additional actions, in coordination with our partners, should the Tatmadaw refuse to reverse course. Canada urges other countries to impose similar measures, including arms embargos. For more than 100 days, the people of Myanmar have demonstrated
impressive resilience and determination in the face of a violent military regime. Canada stands in solidarity with the people of Myanmar and their desire for a peaceful, inclusive and democratic future.
We acknowledge and appreciate the central role of the Association of
Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) in responding to the crisis in Myanmar. Canada is ready to work with ASEAN to advance the swift implementation of the 5-point consensus. We urge the Tatmadaw to cooperate unconditionally and immediately with ASEAN and the UN.
“Despite numerous international calls for the Tatmadaw to end its violence against its own people in Myanmar, it is clearly showing its unwillingness to change its course of action. Canada stands ready to lend our support to ASEAN and UN efforts to initiate an inclusive political dialogue to end the crisis and restore democratic, civilian governance. Canada stands with the people of Myanmar as they
continue to fight to restore democracy and freedom in their country and we will not hesitate to take further action.” - Marc Garneau, Minister of Foreign Affairs” We urge the international communities to help us put more financial pressure on the junta. Ideally, this would come through coordinated international action following
passage of a strong resolution by the UNSC. Unfortunately, that is not likely to happen, so it is critical for all the nations of the world who stand with us to band together in a coordinated campaign of further sanctions that would cut the flow of revenue and weapons sales to this murderous regime. If stricter and tougher sanctions are not imposed right away, it won’t be long before strife and bloodshed break out across this nation as the tatmadaw terrorist forces unleash more inhumane cruelty against innocent and defenseless citizens. We
once again appeal to the International Communities which have the power to end this nightmare - this reign of terror, especially all like-minded free and democratic countries around the world to come together to put targeted, coordinated, stronger sanctions on the murderous regime of the terrorist junta in Myanmar. I am therefore
asking the Government of Canada and the International communities to place sanctions against Myanmar Oil and Gas and all state-owned enterprises as quickly as possible. We once again urge all children and families of the terrorist junta 'SAC' to help end your parent's reign of terror on the 54 million people of Myanmar. Nearly 800
National Heroes, including 52 children have been murdered by your parents. H.E. Dr. Sasa Union Minister of the Ministry of International Cooperation & NUG Spokesperson.."
Source/publisher:
Ministry of International Cooperation Myanmar
Date of publication:
2021-05-18
Date of entry/update:
2021-05-20
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Canada-Burma relations, Sanctions - general, Economic activities of the Myanmar Military, Business and the Military, Sanctions, 2021 Burma/Myanmar coup d'état
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81.18 KB
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"Burma Campaign UK today welcomed an announcement by the British government that they are imposing sanctions on Myanmar Gems Enterprise (MGE). MGE manages the gemstones industry in Burma, which will be a significant source of revenue for the military now that it has seized control of government ministries.
MGE is a state-owned enterprise under the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Conservation. MGE was sanctioned by the USA on 8th April 2021.
The UK sanctions follow previous sanctions on two military-owned conglomerates, Myanmar Economic Holdings Ltd (MEHL) and Myanmar Economic Corporation (MEC).
Since the military coup on 1st February 2021 around 800 people have been killed, more than 5,000 arrested and more than 60,000 displaced from their homes by the Burmese military. It is essential that the British government uses all tools at its disposal, economic, legal, diplomatic and building an arms embargo coalition, in order to maximise pressure on the Burmese military.
“Today’s new sanctions are another positive step by the British government towards cutting revenue going to the military,” said Anna Roberts, Executive Director of Burma Campaign UK. “The government now needs to moves swiftly to ban imports of gems from Burma, and expand sanctions to the timber industry as well.”
Burma Campaign UK is also calling on the European Union to sanction Burma’s timber and gems industries, now that the military is the main beneficiary of revenue from these industries..."
Source/publisher:
"Burma Campaign UK" (London)
Date of publication:
2021-05-17
Date of entry/update:
2021-05-18
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Sanctions - general, UK-Burma relations, Economic activities of the Myanmar Military, Business and the Military, Sanctions, Gems - mining and trade, Gems
Language:
more
Description:
"The Honourable Marc Garneau, Minister of Foreign Affairs, today announced additional sanctions against 16 individuals and 10 entities under the Special Economic Measures (Burma) Regulations in response to the military’s ongoing brutal repression of the people of Myanmar and their refusal to take steps to restore democracy.
These actions are taken in coordination with the United Kingdom and the United States, and align with measures recently imposed by the European Union. They are also consistent with our G7 commitment to continue to take action should the Tatmadaw fail to reverse its course. This latest step demonstrates our unwavering determination to hold the Tatmadaw accountable and help restore democracy as demanded by the people of Myanmar. Canada will continue to take additional actions, in coordination with our partners, should the Tatmadaw refuse to reverse course. Canada urges other countries to impose similar measures, including arms embargos.
For more than 100 days, the people of Myanmar have demonstrated impressive resilience and determination in the face of a violent military regime. Canada stands in solidarity with the people of Myanmar and their desire for a peaceful, inclusive and democratic future.
We acknowledge and appreciate the central role of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) in responding to the crisis in Myanmar. Canada is ready to work with ASEAN to advance the swift implementation of the 5-point consensus. We urge the Tatmadaw to cooperate unconditionally and immediately with ASEAN and the UN..."
Source/publisher:
Global Affairs Canada
Date of publication:
2021-05-17
Date of entry/update:
2021-05-18
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Canada-Burma relations, Sanctions - general, ASEAN-Burma relations, Economic activities of the Myanmar Military, Business and the Military, Sanctions
Language:
more
Description:
"Today I would like to express my most sincere thanks to the Government of the United Kingdom for designating Myanmar Gems Enterprise (MGE) with strict sanctions as a company that is directly supporting the killing of innocent civilians by supplying huge revenue streams to the terrorist regime forces.
I would also like to reiterate my sincere thanks to the People, Parliament and Government of the United Kingdom for standing in solidarity and being a strong voice for the people of Myanmar. I also want to express my gratitude for the efforts of the UK on coordinating targeted sanctions against key tatmadaw personnel, tatmadaw
linked companies and enterprises such as MEC and MEHL, and for providing extra funding to the Independent Investigative Mechanism for Myanmar. Additionally, I would like to further thank the UK government for taking a strong leadership role in the UN and G7 summits on behalf of the people of Myanmar, and for the recognition
of CRPH and NUG as important voices of many in this nation.
The UK has announced additional measures targeting the Myanmar regime today (17 May), with new sanctions imposed against Myanmar Gems Enterprise (MGE). These latest sanctions aim to cut off a key source of funding for the military junta, which is responsible for serious human rights violations against the people of Myanmar, including the killing of children. Foreign Secretary of UK, Dominic Raab, said:
“The military junta in Myanmar continues to crush democracy and attack its own people with brutal ferocity. We are working with our allies to impose sanctions that hit the junta’s access to finance, and deliver a return to democracy.” The asset freeze imposed by the sanctions prevents anyone from dealing with funds
or economic resources which are owned or controlled by MGE and held in the UK. It also blocks others from providing funds or economic resources to MGE..."
Source/publisher:
Ministry of International Cooperation Myanmar
Date of publication:
2021-05-17
Date of entry/update:
2021-05-18
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Sanctions - general, UK-Burma relations, Economic activities of the Myanmar Military, Business and the Military, Sanctions, Gems - mining and trade, Gems, 2021 Burma/Myanmar coup d'état, National Unity Government (NUG)
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Description:
"Today I would like to express my most sincere thanks to the U.S. Department of the Treasury's Office of Foreign Assets Control for designating 16 individuals and one entity (the 'SAC') with strict sanctions who are supporting the killing of innocent
civilians nationwide, most recently in Mindat, Chin State.
I would also like to reiterate my sincere thanks to the People and Government of the United States of America for standing in solidarity and being a strong voice for the people of Myanmar. I also want to express my gratitude for the efforts of the U.S. on
coordinating targeted sanctions against key tatmadaw personnel, tatmadaw linked companies and enterprises such as MEC, MGE and MEHL. Additionally, I would like to further thank the United States government for taking a strong leadership role in
the UN and G7 summits on behalf of the people of Myanmar, and for the recognition of CRPH and NUG as important voices of many in this nation. The official press release is as follows:
"WASHINGTON - Today, the U.S. Department of the Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) designated 16 individuals and one entity connected to Burma’s military regime. Thirteen of the individuals sanctioned today are key members of Burma’s military
regime, which is violently repressing the pro-democracy movement in the country and is responsible for the ongoing violent and lethal attacks against the people of Burma, including the killing of children. The other three individuals are adult children
of previously designated senior Burmese military officials. The entity is the State Administration Council (SAC), the body created by the military to support its unlawful overthrow of the democratically elected civilian government. These designations today are made pursuant to Executive Order (E.O.) 14014, “Blocking Property with
Respect to the Situation in Burma.” These sanctions are not directed at the people of Burma. In concurrent actions, the U.K. and Canada also sanctioned persons and/or entities in relation to the on-going coup in Burma. “Burma’s military continues to commit human rights abuses and oppress the people of Burma. Today’s action demonstrates the United States' commitment to work with
our international partners to press the Burmese military and promote accountability for those responsible for the coup and ongoing violence," said Andrea Gacki, Director of the Office of Foreign Assets Control. As a part of today’s action, the State Administrative Council (SAC) is designated for being a political subdivision, agency, or instrumentality of the Government of Burma. The SAC, which is the official name of the military government in Burma, was
formed by Burma’s military on February 2, 2021. It is largely made up of military officials and led by Commander-in-Chief Senior General Min Aung Hlaing, whom Treasury designated on February 11, 2021 pursuant to E.O. 14014. The following four individuals are designated pursuant to E.O. 14014 for being foreign persons who are or were leaders or officials of the Government of Burma on or after
February 2, 2021: Mahn Nyein Maung is a member of the SAC;
Thein Nyunt is a member of the SAC; • Sai Lone Saing is a member of the SAC; and Khin Maung Swe is a member of the SAC.
The following nine individuals, who are members of the military regime, are designated pursuant to E.0.14014 for being foreign persons who are or were leaders or officials of the Government of Burma on or after February 2, 2021: Ko Ko Hlaing is the Minister of International Cooperation; Tun Aung Myint is the Minister for Ethnic Affairs; • Tun Tun Naung is the Minister of Border Affairs;
• Than Nyein is the governor of the Central Bank of Burma;
• Pwint San is the Minister of Commerce; Win Shein is the Minister for Planning, Finance, and Industry; Thein Soe is the chairman of the military-appointed Union Election Commission, the regime’s electoral body; Thet Khaing Win is the Minister of Health and Sports; and
• Khin Maung Yi is the Minister of Natural Resources and Environmental Conservation. In addition to the individuals identified above, the following three individuals are designated pursuant to E.O. 14014 for being a spouse or adult child of a person
whose property and interests in property are blocked.
• Hein Htet is the adult child of SAC member General Maung Maung Kyaw, whom Treasury designated on February 22, 2021 pursuant to E.O. 14014; Kaung Htet is also an adult child of General Maung Maung Kyaw; and Yin Min Thu is the adult child of SAC member Admiral Tin Aung San, whom Treasury designated on February 11, 2021 pursuant to E.O. 14014..."
Source/publisher:
Ministry of International Cooperation Myanmar
Date of publication:
2021-05-18
Date of entry/update:
2021-05-18
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Committee Representing Pyidaungsu Hluttaw (CRPH), USA-Burma relations, Sanctions - general, Economic activities of the Myanmar Military, Business and the Military, Sanctions, Chin State, 2021 Burma/Myanmar coup d'état
Language:
Format :
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72.93 KB
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Description:
"Today, the U.S. Department of the Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) designated 16 individuals and one entity connected to Burma’s military regime.
Thirteen of the individuals sanctioned today are key members of Burma’s military regime, which is violently repressing the pro-democracy movement in the country and is responsible for the ongoing violent and lethal attacks against the people of Burma, including the killing of children. The other three individuals are adult children of previously designated senior Burmese military officials. The entity is the State Administration Council (SAC), the body created by the military to support its unlawful overthrow of the democratically elected civilian government. These designations today are made pursuant to Executive Order (E.O.) 14014, “Blocking Property with Respect to the Situation in Burma.” These sanctions are not directed at the people of Burma. In concurrent actions, the U.K. and Canada also sanctioned persons and/or entities in relation to the on-going coup in Burma.
“Burma’s military continues to commit human rights abuses and oppress the people of Burma. Today’s action demonstrates the United States’ commitment to work with our international partners to press the Burmese military and promote accountability for those responsible for the coup and ongoing violence,” said Andrea Gacki, Director of the Office of Foreign Assets Control.
As a part of today’s action, the State Administrative Council (SAC) is designated for being a political subdivision, agency, or instrumentality of the Government of Burma. The SAC, which is the official name of the military government in Burma, was formed by Burma’s military on February 2, 2021. It is largely made up of military officials and led by Commander-in-Chief Senior General Min Aung Hlaing, whom Treasury designated on February 11, 2021 pursuant to E.O. 14014.
The following four individuals are designated pursuant to E.O. 14014 for being foreign persons who are or were leaders or officials of the Government of Burma on or after February 2, 2021:
Mahn Nyein Maung is a member of the SAC;
Thein Nyunt is a member of the SAC;
Sai Lone Saing is a member of the SAC; and
Khin Maung Swe is a member of the SAC.
The following nine individuals, who are members of the military regime, are designated pursuant to E.O.14014 for being foreign persons who are or were leaders or officials of the Government of Burma on or after February 2, 2021:
Ko Ko Hlaing is the Minister of International Cooperation;
Tun Aung Myint is the Minister for Ethnic Affairs;
Tun Tun Naung is the Minister of Border Affairs;
Than Nyein is the governor of the Central Bank of Burma;
Pwint San is the Minister of Commerce;
Win Shein is the Minister for Planning, Finance, and Industry;
Thein Soe is the chairman of the military-appointed Union Election Commission, the regime’s electoral body;
Thet Khaing Win is the Minister of Health and Sports; and
Khin Maung Yi is the Minister of Natural Resources and Environmental Conservation.
In addition to the individuals identified above, the following three individuals are designated pursuant to E.O. 14014 for being a spouse or adult child of a person whose property and interests in property are blocked.
Hein Htet is the adult child of SAC member General Maung Maung Kyaw, whom Treasury designated on February 22, 2021 pursuant to E.O. 14014;
Kaung Htet is also an adult child of General Maung Maung Kyaw; and
Yin Min Thu is the adult child of SAC member Admiral Tin Aung San, whom Treasury designated on February 11, 2021 pursuant to E.O. 14014.
As a result of today’s action, all property and interests in property of the persons named above that are in the United States, or in the possession or control of U.S. persons, are blocked and must be reported to OFAC. In addition, any entities that are owned, directly or indirectly, in the aggregate, 50 percent or more by one or more blocked persons are also blocked.
Unless authorized by a general or specific license issued by OFAC, or otherwise exempt, all transactions by U.S. persons or within (or transiting) the United States that involve any property or interests in property of designated or otherwise blocked persons are prohibited. The prohibitions include the making of any contribution or provision of funds, goods, or services by, to, or for the benefit of any blocked person or the receipt of any contribution or provision of funds, goods, or services from any such person..."
Source/publisher:
United States Department of the Treasury (USA)
Date of publication:
2021-05-17
Date of entry/update:
2021-05-18
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
USA-Burma relations, Sanctions - general, Economic activities of the Myanmar Military, Business and the Military, Sanctions, 2021 Burma/Myanmar coup d'état
Language:
more
Sub-title:
Foreign Secretary Dominic Raab announces sanctions on Myanmar Gems Enterprise (MGE), a state-owned enterprise under the military junta’s control.
Description:
"Foreign Secretary announces new sanctions against Myanmar Gems Enterprise
the move will deprive the junta of a key source of funding – the gem trade is a multi-billion dollar business for Myanmar
the UK has already sanctioned senior Myanmar military officers and their economic interests following February’s military coup
Foreign Secretary Dominic Raab has announced additional measures targeting the Myanmar regime today (17 May) with new sanctions imposed against Myanmar Gems Enterprise (MGE).
MGE is a state owned enterprise which oversees all gemstone activities in Myanmar and is now under the junta’s control following the military coup on 1 February.
The designation against MGE will cut off a key source of funding for the military junta, which continues to subvert democracy and is responsible for the violent repression and serious human rights violations against the people of Myanmar, including the killing of children. Myanmar is one of the world’s largest producers of rubies and jade – trade in jade for example is a multi-billion dollar business for the country.
Enforced with immediate effect, the sanctions are the first since the UK laid new Myanmar sanctions regulations in parliament on 29 April. They demonstrate the UK’s commitment to targeting the military junta’s funding streams to put pressure on them to immediately end the coup.
Foreign Secretary, Dominic Raab, said:
The military junta in Myanmar continues to crush democracy and attack its own people with brutal ferocity. We are working with our allies to impose sanctions that hit the junta’s access to finance, and deliver a return to democracy.
The asset freeze imposed by the sanctions prevents anyone from dealing with funds or economic resources which are owned or controlled by the designated entity and held in the UK. It also blocks others from providing funds or economic resources to the designated individual or entity – in this case MGE.
Today’s announcement, made in conjunction with the United States and Canada, follows the recent G7 and ASEAN meetings which reiterated the strong and united view of the international community in opposition to the actions of the military junta in Myanmar. The UK, alongside the G7, is urging all countries to immediately suspend arms sales to Myanmar and welcomes the recent suspension of sales by Japan and the Republic of Korea.
The UK is clear that ASEAN has a central role to play in resolving the crisis and that the military regime must implement the ASEAN Five Point Consensus without delay. The UK calls for all companies to cut ties with military-linked businesses with direct effect..."
Date of publication:
2021-05-17
Date of entry/update:
2021-05-18
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Sanctions - general, UK-Burma relations, Economic activities of the Myanmar Military, Sanctions, Gems - mining and trade, Gems
Language:
more
Description:
"Myanmar is on the brink of collapse. Its armed forces are continuing a brutal crackdown—arresting, torturing and killing protesters—as Aung San Suu Kyi, Myanmar’s de-facto leader, is detained. Our experts answer your questions..."
Source/publisher:
The Economist
Date of publication:
2021-05-11
Date of entry/update:
2021-05-16
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
2021 Burma/Myanmar coup d'état, Human Rights and international relations, Racial or ethnic discrimination in Burma: reports of violations against several groups, China-Burma-India relations, Russia-Burma relations, Sanctions - general, Political History, Economic activities of the Myanmar Military, Business and the Military, Sanctions, Spring Revolution
Language:
more
Sub-title:
Myanmar Beer boycott hitting generals’ pockets with sales down 46% YoY
Description:
"May 12, 2021, Myanmar: Kirin’s 1Q 2021 financial results show a 46% decline in Myanmar Brewery year on year sales volume, providing new evidence of the impact of the popular boycott against Myanmar Beer following the illegal and brutal Feb. 1 attempted coup by the Myanmar military. According to Kirin, Myanmar Brewery’s normalised operating profit is down 49.6% compared to 1Q 2020, a difference of JP¥2.5 billion (32 billion MMK) with a 46.7% fall in revenue, a difference of JP¥5 billion (66 billion MMK).
Myanmar Brewery is a joint venture between Kirin Holdings and military conglomerate Myanma Economic Holdings Limited (MEHL). On Nov. 11, 2020, Kirin announced a suspension of dividend payments to the military and on Feb. 5, 2021, Kirin announced that they are terminating their joint venture partnership with (MEHL), although they have not yet provided details or a timeline. We call on Kirin to disclose the steps they are taking to end their relationship with the Myanmar military and their timeframe.
Justice For Myanmar spokesperson Yadanar Maung says: “Kirin’s latest financial results provide clear evidence that the mass boycott of military products by the people of Myanmar is working, causing a direct hit to the hip pockets of the corrupt war criminals that led the February 1 attempted coup. Kirin’s figures show yet again that the people of Myanmar reject military rule and demand that democracy is restored. Kirin has attempted to explain the figures as a result of Covid and “political upheaval” but we know that it is evidence of a mass rejection of their abhorrent business model in Myanmar, which finances these killers. We call on Kirin to urgently disclose the steps they are taking to cut ties with their criminal business partners. Kirin must immediately stop supporting the operations of Myanmar Brewery, which aids the Myanmar military’s continued crimes against humanity that has involved the murder of 783 people and the arrest and detention of nearly 5000 in the first 100 days since the attempted coup..."
Source/publisher:
Justice For Myanmar
Date of publication:
2021-05-13
Date of entry/update:
2021-05-13
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Economic activities of the Myanmar Military, Business and the Military, 2021 Burma/Myanmar coup d'état
Language:
Format :
pdf
Size:
235.46 KB
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Topic:
chief, conglomerate, Coup, junta, MEC, Military, MoeKaung Treasure Maternal and Child Hospital, Myanmar Economic Corporation, opening, regime, Sanctions, Snr-Gen Min Aung Hlaing
Topic:
chief, conglomerate, Coup, junta, MEC, Military, MoeKaung Treasure Maternal and Child Hospital, Myanmar Economic Corporation, opening, regime, Sanctions, Snr-Gen Min Aung Hlaing
Description:
"In an apparent attempt to expand his military conglomerate, Myanmar coup leader Senior General Min Aung Hlaing has opened a new military-owned hospital in Yangon 91 days after seizing power from the country’s democratically elected government.
The opening of the new hospital came on Sunday, as the nation is still reeling from the brutality of his troops, who have killed more than 760 protesters across the country since the coup. On the same day, the regime’s forces killed at least five people and arrested several others for protesting against the junta.
The newly opened MoeKaung Treasure Maternal and Child Hospital has become the second “private” high-end hospital owned by the military after Kan Tha Yar Hospital on the shore of Yangon’s Inya Lake.
The new hospital will be the latest addition to the holdings of the military cartel in the country, where the men in uniform have enriched themselves through businesses ranging from banking to brewery to jade mines and more. Most of them operate free of civilian oversight.
According to Justice for Myanmar, a covert group of activists campaigning for justice and accountability for the people in the country, Kan Thar Yar International Specialist Hospital, opened in 2017 by the senior general, is a private for-profit facility under the military conglomerate Myanmar Economic Corporation (MEC). Profits from the hospital are off-budget and the hospital operates without civilian oversight. The same is true of the newly opened MoeKaung Treasure Maternal and Child Hospital.
The maternity and child hospital is located in the leafy compound of the Military Documentation Office in Yankin Township.
The opening ceremony was joined by the coup leader’s wife Daw Kyu Kyu Hla.
The senior general claimed the new hospital was built under his guidance to become an “internationally recognized” medical facility that could be relied on by citizens while promoting the “private health care” sector, according to military-owned Myawaddy TV. It said the hospital will provide maternal and child healthcare services such as in vitro fertilization procedures, storage of genetic items and genetic diagnostic work, among others.
The broadcaster quoted him as saying that, “We will try to get a ‘Joint Commission International’ certificate of international recognition [for the hospital].”
Given mounting global sanctions, including from the US and EU, against himself and his regime, and the fact that the junta has been shunned by the international community for its atrocities against its own people, it is not clear how the junta plans to obtain such certification.
The putsch leader even said the new hospital aimed to act as a one-stop service center for patients with “reasonable service charges”.
However, given the room rates—which include some that run as high as 100,000 kyats [US$64] per day—the cost of treatment at the new hospital is evidently far from “reasonable”, as the senior general claimed; the majority of the people in the country are struggling to get by, as the economy has collapsed since the February coup.
So far, it’s not clear to what extent Snr-Gen Min Aung Hlaing and his family are involved in the ownership of the hospital.
In March, the US imposed sanctions on two adult children of the junta leader in response to the coup and the military’s use of lethal force against peaceful protesters, calling for the reinstatement of the democratically elected civilian government.
The US Department of the Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) announced sanctions on Aung Pyae Sone and Khin Thiri Thet Mon and six companies controlled by them.
The OFAC said the pair controlled a variety of business holdings that have directly benefited from their “father’s position and malign influence”..."
Source/publisher:
"The Irrawaddy" (Thailand)
Date of publication:
2021-05-03
Date of entry/update:
2021-05-03
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Economic activities of the Myanmar Military, Business and the Military, Anti-coup protesters, Spring Revolution, Political prisoners and other violations in Burma - reports, Freedom of Peaceful Assembly and Association, violations of, Right to Life: reports of violations in Burma, Armed conflict in Burma - attacks on civilians, 2021 Burma/Myanmar coup d'état
Language:
more
Description:
"The daughter of Myanmar’s #1 international criminal has had substantial business dealings with military-controlled mobile operator Mytel, new leaked documents obtained by DDoSecrets show, in a serious conflict of interest.
Khin Thiri Thet Mon, daughter of the leader of illegal coup d'état Senior General Min Aung Hlaing, was still a shareholder in Pinnacle Asia, a company that built mobile phone towers for Mytel when her father staged the coup illegally on February 1.
She only resigned from Pinnacle Asia on March 17 – just days after the US government imposed Treasury sanctions against her in response to the violent attacks on unarmed civilians who are against the murderous regime.....Mytel and Min Aung Hlaing: Mytel was created during the military’s proxy government, led by the military-backed Union Solidarity and Development Party.
The government’s 28% share is allocated to Star High.
Star High was created by Myanmar Economic Corporation, a military conglomerate controlled by Min Aung Hlaing. Star High’s remit is seemingly to hold the military’s stake in Mytel.
This creates a serious conflict of interest as Min Aung Hlaing's family is profiting access to state business.
Min Aung Hlaing personally played a key role in the establishment of Mytel, leading numerous negotiations with the Vietnamese military and presiding over the launch.....Pinnacle and Mytel: Pinnacle Asia appears linked to Mytel from its first inception. Pinnacle Asia was established in 2016, the same year that the military was awarded shares in Myanmar’s fourth mobile operator Mytel.
Pinnacle Asia then entered into business with Star High to build towers for Mytel and, according to a Linkedin profile, also has contracts with Ooredoo, another mobile phone company.
Pinnacle Asia’s managing director is Sao Sawm Zai, an Australian citizen. A third director is Mya Myitzu. Sao Sawm Zai and Mya Myitzu are both directors of Pinnacle Myanmar, a Singapore registered company. Little information is available about the Singapore business, which had links to publicly listed firm Singaporean Myanmar Investco to establish a Jones the Grocer franchise in Myanmar. The deal was called off in 2018......Bank complicity: Yoma: The tower business that Khin Thiri Thet Mon owned until last month is financed by internationally exposed Myanmar banks. This raises human rights and corruption concerns for their shareholders.
In February 2020, Yoma Bank, a Myanmar lender, issued a loan to Pinnacle Asia, guaranteed against a tower contract with Mytel. Khin Thiri Thet Mon signed the loan as a guarantor. The loan specified that revenue from Mytel is to be routed to Yoma Bank until the loan is repaid. The loan was authorised by both Star High and Telecom International Myanmar. This was followed by a second loan guaranteed against Mytel towers.....International shareholder exposure: Even though Yoma Bank was doing business with Min Aung Hlaing’s family and financed towers for Mytel, Norway’s Norfund and Singapore’s GIC invested in the bank. The equity purchase was announced in April 2020. In 2019, the International Finance Corporation, part of the World Bank, converted an earlier Yoma Bank loan to 5% equity in the bank.
Norfund, GIC and IFC stand to profit from Yoma Bank’s business with Mytel and the family of Senior General Min Aung Hlaing, and are exposed to the corruption and human rights implications of these loans.
In July 2020, crony bank AGD, owned by Tayza, announced a project finance agreement with Pinnacle Asia for an undisclosed amount to increase tower holdings to 400 by 2021. Tayza is a close associate of Than Shwe who built his business through the preferential treatment he receives as a result of his close and personal ties with the military.
In August 2019, the UN Fact-Finding Mission concluded that the military’s economic interests enable their atrocity crimes. It recommended that “no business enterprise active in Myanmar or trading with or investing in businesses in Myanmar should enter into or remain in a business relationship of any kind with the security forces of Myanmar, in particular the Tatmadaw, or any enterprise owned or controlled by them” and cautioned against business with family members of the military, which can be linked to or support the military. Yoma Bank and AGD disregarded these recommendations.....Family business: Khin Thiri Thet Mon’s business with Mytel shows how Min Aung Hlaing’s family profits from access to state resources. Star High was awarded the government’s lucrative share in Mytel but, before the brutal and illegal coup de’ tat, was unaccountable to parliamentary scrutiny. Khin Thiri Thet Mon’s business with Star High and Mytel is a clear example of a conflict of interest that is seen across military cartel businesses.
Since the coup, the military has been deliberately attacking and killed more than 700 people including 49 children. Youngest killed was seven years old girl, whom before being shot, was scared because her father and brother were beaten by police who broke into their house. They have been using lethal weapons with sole aim to kill and these amount to crimes against humanity. The military has carried out indiscriminate air strikes against ethnic Karen and Kachin peoples in recent days, part of ongoing war crimes and crimes against humanity the Myanmar military has been committing against ethnic communities for decades. Min Aung Hlaing and the junta leadership, who are seeking to profit from the coup, must be held to account and perpetrators of these crimes must be prosecuted.
Khin Thiri Thet Mon and other children of top military generals have long profited from the systemic corruption of the Myanmar military, at the expense of the people of Myanmar. As long as the military maintains power, this corruption will continue. Min Aung Hlaing’s family must be investigated for corruption and any stolen assets returned to the people of Myanmar. The cartel must be dismantled..."
Source/publisher:
Justice For Myanmar
Date of publication:
2021-04-21
Date of entry/update:
2021-04-22
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
2021 Burma/Myanmar coup d'état, Political prisoners and other violations in Burma - reports, Freedom of opinion and expression: - the situation in Burma/Myanmar - reports, analyses, recommendations, Right to Life: reports of violations in Burma, Economic activities of the Myanmar Military, Business and the Military
Language:
more
Sub-title:
Opposition to the military’s coup has boosted ethnic armed groups, creating a new challenge to its lucrative jade and gems business
Description:
"Life in Myanmar’s jade-producing regions was always difficult and precarious but since the military seized power from the civilian government on February 1, it has become even more dangerous.
In Kachin State’s Hpakant township, which has the world’s largest and most lucrative jade mines, there are more soldiers and police, access to mining sites has become more difficult and local markets have stopped operating.
“Many places are dangerous to dig jade now. There are only a few places where we can dig by hand or small machine,” said Sut Naw, a local miner who preferred to use a pseudonym for security reasons.
Police and soldiers are now guarding company compounds, he added, patrolling roads day and night. They also stop people on the streets or in their vehicles, checking for jade and other valuables and searching through people’s phones for evidence of resistance to the coup.
“I have seen many zombie movies, but never realised that I would be living in a similar environment,” he said. “People don’t go out at all unless they have to.”
The military has long dominated Myanmar’s jade industry and continues to rake in immense profits. Myanmar’s annual jade and gems emporium, held from April 1 to 10, brought in $6.5m on the sixth day alone, according to state media.....Lucrative resource: In 2015, the environmental watchdog Global Witness valued Myanmar’s jade industry at $31bn and described it as possibly the “biggest natural resource heist in modern history.” Identifying the Tatmadaw and armed elites as the industry’s biggest profiteers, the exploitation of jade was “an appalling crime that poses a serious threat to democracy and peace in Myanmar,” it said.
Keel Dietz, a Myanmar policy adviser with Global Witness, told Al Jazeera that with the Tatmadaw now in total control over the formal governance of natural resources, they were likely to step up that exploitation.
“There is a huge risk that the military, in their desperate efforts to maintain control, will look to the country’s natural resource wealth to sustain their rule, to buy weapons, and enrich themselves,” he said.
Escalating clashes between the Kachin Independence Army, the armed wing of an ethnic armed group in the resource-rich northern state and the military, known as the Tatmadaw, have raised questions over the control over the jade mines.
Before a 1994 ceasefire, the Kachin Independence Organization, which has been fighting for federal rights to self-determination since 1961, controlled most of the mines and local people were able to enjoy a share of the wealth through small-scale mining activities. The KIA is its armed wing.
The ceasefire saw most of the jade-mining region nationalised under a military government known for exploiting resources without regard for the social and environmental consequences.
The state-owned Myanmar Gems Enterprise took control over the regulation of mining activity and issuing licences, which it signed over to itself and to companies that benefitted its interests, including proxy companies, companies run by military cronies and those connected to armed actors including the United Wa State Army, which runs its own special administrative region on the China border and has a history of links to drug trafficking.
These companies levelled mountains, dug enormous trenches and dumped waste with impunity.
Hundreds of thousands of migrants flocked to the area, dreaming of digging their way to prosperity but found themselves scavenging through company waste heaps; if they found a big stone, it was confiscated by soldiers.
The natural environment was destroyed, landslides and mining accidents claimed hundreds of lives, and drug abuse skyrocketed – all while the Tatmadaw pocketed handsome profits.
Shortly after winning elections in 2015, the National League for Democracy (NLD) led by Aung San Suu Kyi pledged to reform the industry and in August 2016, suspended the renewal of mining licences and the issuance of new ones.
But companies bypassed the suspensions with impunity, and the NLD government was widely criticised by rights groups for failing to bring meaningful changes to the jade industry. In July 2020, more than 170 people were buried in a landslide in a Hpakant jade mine.
“The government and military have never respected natural resources,” said Ah Shawng,* a land and Indigenous rights activist in Hpakant. “They extract resources as they wish and only for themselves. .. Our natural resources are all disappearing and being destroyed.”
But since the coup, resistance to centralised policies and the exploitation of ethnic people and the land and resources in their states appears to be rising.....Shifting allegiances: The 2008 military-drafted constitution, which centralised land and resource management at the union level and entrenched Tatmadaw power, was abolished on March 31 by officials forced out by the military. In its place, they put forward an interim Federal Democracy Charter.
Mainstream support for armed resistance to military rule has also increased, as the Tatmadaw arrests thousands and indiscriminately shoots civilians. Some 739 people have been killed, according to the Assistance Association for Political Prisoners (AAPP), which is tracking the violence.
With ethnic armed groups, including the KIO, in a position to offer protection and help fight back against the generals, ethnic minorities’ struggles for self-determination under a federal system, which were once largely ignored by the majority Bamar public, are now increasingly popular. Pro-KIA demonstrations have been held across Kachin State and even in central Myanmar, while the number of recruits is rising.
Although the KIA and Tatmadaw have been at war since the ceasefire collapsed in 2011, fighting had slowed since 2018.
But since the coup conflict has escalated. Clashes have been taking place nearly every day. The KIA, so far, appears to have the upper hand – it has taken several Tatmadaw bases and claims to have obliterated entire battalions, killing hundreds of soldiers.
Some of the most intense fighting has occurred in and around Hpakant, where Ah Shawng, the local rights activist who also prefers to use a pseudonym for her security, says most locals support the KIA.
“Now, when [junta] forces harm people, the KIA protects and stands with us,” she said, adding that the KIA had been successful in driving out some security forces from the area.
On March 28, the KIA killed about 30 policemen who had raided a jade mining site operated by the Taut Pa Kyal mining company, according to Kachin State-based media reports.
The company, according to a BBC Burmese article, is backed by the Kyaw Naing company, which has 64 licenced mining sites and failed to disclose a military crony among its beneficial owners in 2020. Days later, a photo circulated on social media of a police station, allegedly at another company jade mining site in Hpakant, bearing a white flag of surrender to the KIA. Al Jazeera contacted the KIO to verify the incidents but they declined to comment on matters related to Hpakant.
The KIA may be fighting to gain control of other areas as well – including some areas beyond Kachin State.
Local news agency Myanmar Now reported on April 15 that the KIA and Tatmadaw had clashed in Mogok, a city in Mandalay region hundreds of miles from Kachin State.
Mogok’s mines possess the world’s most valuable rubies, as well as other lucrative gemstones. On April 16, a group of youth in Mogok staged a pro-KIA march and drew a large “Welcome KIA” banner on the street. The next day, the military forces gunned down at least two people in the city.....Sanctions, import bans: The United States has already imposed sanctions on Myanmar Gems Enterprise, as well as on two military holding companies, Myanmar Economic Holdings Public Company Limited (MEHL) and Myanmar Economic Corporation Limited (MEC). This week, the European Union also added MEHL and MEC to its sanctions list.
Dietz of Global Witness told Al Jazeera that while the sanctions were “hugely important,” they were likely to have only a limited effect on the jade sector without the support of China, which serves as the primary market for Myanmar’s jade, a highly prized luminous green stone.
“Global Witness encourages the international community to place import bans on all jade and coloured gemstones coming from Myanmar,” he said. He also expressed concern that as the Tatmadaw finds itself squeezed of funds, it might try sell off resource concessions in exchange for fast cash. “The international community should make it clear to commodity trading firms and other investors in natural resources that now is not the time to be making large new resource deals in Myanmar – the military regime is not a legitimate government, and should not be allowed to sell away Myanmar’s remaining mineral wealth to sustain itself,” he said.
Tu Hkawng the Minister of Natural Resources and Environmental Conservation under the newly-formed interim National Unity Government running in parallel to the generals’ administration, told Al Jazeera that it was time to bring natural resource management back into the hands of the local people.
Appointed on April 16, he has already begun engaging with local stakeholders to reform natural resource management policy through the lens of Indigenous rights.
“We are trying to build a collective leadership … to engage more with the grassroots-level community and solve the problems together,” he said. “This is a bottom-up approach. In order to achieve it, we have to build a network with every stakeholder and collaborate.”
He hopes that by addressing natural resource governance, the civil wars that have plagued the country for the past 70 years can finally be brought to an end.
“Every ethnic group has the right to manage and benefit from the natural resources on its own land. Right now we don’t have that,” he said. “If everyone gets to govern their own land, we won’t have to fight any more.”..."
Source/publisher:
"Al Jazeera" (Qatar)
Date of publication:
2021-04-22
Date of entry/update:
2021-04-22
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Gems - mining and trade, Kachin State, Economic activities of the Myanmar Military, Business and the Military, Armed conflict in Kachin State - general articles, Illegal Economy - general, Anti-coup protesters, Rail Workers strike, Armed conflict in Burma - attacks on civilians, 2021 Burma/Myanmar coup d'état
Language:
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Sub-title:
US could not unilaterally invoke 'R2P' to intervene in Myanmar's crisis but that doesn't mean the military option is off the table
Description:
"Nearly 80 days and 800 deaths after the military coup of February 1, two divergent trendlines have emerged to define the future contours of Myanmar’s crisis: brutal reassertion of control by the military junta over a political and economic wasteland; or descent into civil war pitting the junta against a nascent coalition of forces fighting for federal democracy.
Less noted and earlier in the crisis dismissed as quixotic, there is also however a third wild-card scenario involving action aimed at deflecting both of those two disastrous trajectories: foreign intervention to engage Myanmar’s generals in the only language they have ever understood or respected – military power.
Impelled by the looming prospect of state collapse and humanitarian catastrophe as an inflexible Tatmadaw ratchets up its repression, the logic of external intervention in the form of US missile strikes against military targets is assuming a compelling momentum.
As one well-placed Singapore-based analyst conceded: “We’re in such dire territory now that almost nothing is off-limits.”
In the weeks following the putsch through February and into March many, including this writer, saw reassertion of control by the junta, known as the State Administration Council (SAC), as the most probable outcome. The argument was based on an assessment of four salient facets of the Tatmadaw as a military organization: its ample resources, institutional cohesion, proven ruthlessness and unblinking sense of mission. All of these characteristics had been amply demonstrated in earlier periods of popular protest.
Where the assessment fell down was in underestimating the extraordinary courage and resilience of ordinary citizens. Led by a youthful vanguard armed with modern communications technology, hundreds of thousands who saw their future being torn away by the same military that between 1962 and 2011 had reduced their country to an economic basket case took to the streets in peaceful protest.
This sustained outpouring of anger forced the military to move from relative restraint in the first weeks after the coup to a more characteristic resort to battlefield violence involving first targeted killings using rifles and finally open massacres with machine guns, grenades and rocket launchers..."
Source/publisher:
"Asia Times" (Hong Kong)
Date of publication:
2021-04-21
Date of entry/update:
2021-04-21
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
2021 Burma/Myanmar coup d'état, Burma's economic relations with China, Economic activities of the Myanmar Military, China-Burma-US relations, ASEAN-Burma relations, Anti-coup protesters, Political prisoners and other violations in Burma - reports, Politics and Government - global and regional - general studies, strategies, theory
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Description:
"The Council today decided to sanction 10 individuals and two military-controlled companies, Myanmar Economic Holdings Public Company Limited (MEHL) and Myanmar Economic Corporation Limited (MEC) in relation to the military coup staged in Myanmar/Burma on 1 February 2021, and the ensuing military and police repression against peaceful demonstrators. The decision was taken by written procedure.
The individuals targeted by sanctions are all responsible for undermining democracy and the rule of law in Myanmar/Burma, and for repressive decisions and serious human rights violations. The two sanctioned entities are large conglomerates that operate in many sectors of Myanmar’s economy and are owned and controlled by the Myanmar Armed Forces (Tatmadaw), and provide revenue for it. The adopted sanctions specifically target the economic interests of Myanmar’s military regime, which is responsible for the overthrow of Burma’s democratically elected government. Sanctions are crafted in such a way to avoid undue harm to the people of Myanmar.
Today’s decision is a sign of the EU’s unity and determination in condemning the brutal actions of the military junta, and aims at effecting change in the junta’s leadership. Today’s decision also sends a clear message to the military leadership: continuing on the current path will only bring further suffering and will never grant any legitimacy.
Restrictive measures, which now apply to a total of 35 individuals and two companies, include a travel ban and an asset freeze. In addition, EU citizens and companies are forbidden from making funds available to the listed individuals and entities.
Pre-existing EU restrictive measures also remain in place. These include an embargo on arms and equipment that can be used for internal repression, an export ban on dual-use goods for use by the military and border guard police, export restrictions on equipment for monitoring communications that could be used for internal repression, and a prohibition on military training for and military cooperation with the Tatmadaw.
EU restrictive measures add to the withholding of financial assistance directly going to the government and the freezing of all assistance to government bodies that may be seen as legitimising the junta.
The EU remains a steadfast supporter of Myanmar/Burma’s people and of the country’s democratic transition. As a tangible sign of this support, the European Commission has recently allocated a further EUR 9 million in emergency humanitarian aid to assist those in need. Since 1994, the EU has provided €287 million in humanitarian aid to Myanmar, with €20.5 million allocated in 2021 so far. The EU works with trusted and independent humanitarian partners to address the protection, food, nutrition and health needs of the most vulnerable people, particularly in Rakhine, Chin, Kachin and Shan states..."
Source/publisher:
Council of the European Union
Date of publication:
2021-04-19
Date of entry/update:
2021-04-19
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Sanctions - general, Economic activities of the Myanmar Military, Business and the Military, 2021 Burma/Myanmar coup d'état, Burma's economic relations with the European Union, European Union-Burma relations -- official links and documents
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102.06 KB 102.08 KB
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Description:
"As Burma strategically lies at the crossroads of the Indian subconti-
nent, southwestern China, the Indian Ocean and the rest of continental
Southeast Asia, both an emerging India and a rising China have found
increasing interests in this regional node since the end of the 1980s.
The changing of guards in Rangoon through a military coup d’état
orchestrated by a younger generation of Tatmadaw (Burmese Army)
officers in September 1988 indeed offered the two giants an opportu-
nity to refocus their regional strategic ambitions on Burma. A new
dimension of the Sino-Indian rivalry was thus highlighted and many
academic researchers pointed out the rise of the strategic competition
between Beijing and New Delhi through Burma throughout the
1990s. Almost two decades after the beginnings of the Chinese thrust
into the Burmese strategic field and India’s gradual reaction to it, this
article seeks to assess the state of the rivalry between the two giants in
Burma. By focusing the analysis on the perceptions, interests and
achievements of India and China’s approach to Burma on the ground
in the past 20 years, it seeks to question the severity and intensity of
this Sino-Indian “competition” in the Burmese field. It is argued here
that despite having realized obvious breakthroughs in the region,
India and China still face many difficulties in Burma, and are unable
to openly use it as a mere playground for their bilateral “rivalry.”
After a brief discussion of the academic literature that has dealt with
the rise of the rivalry since the early 1990s, this paper will explore the
most visible expressions of this Sino-Indian contest in Burma. The
energy and military sectors, tensions in border areas and the quest
for a strategic access to the Indian Ocean are the most crucial factors,
but it will be postulated hereafter that each has its own limits. Given
internal divisions, hesitations, misreadings or misperceptions in New
Delhi and Beijing, as well as the nationalist stance of the Burmese
military regime, this article will claim that the Sino-Indian competi-
tion over Burma must not be overestimated. Indeed, the Burmese field
itself offers considerable resistance to the further thrust of India and
China in the region, limiting the phenomenon to a mere “quiet
rivalry.”
The Rise of a “Strategic Rivalry”: Perceptions and
Interpretations of Indian and Chinese Policies toward Burma
since the 1990s
When a new Burmese junta (SLORC2
) succeeded the autarchic
military regime of General Ne Win in September 1988, Beijing and
New Delhi adopted two different approaches to the developments in
Burma. After a decade of tense relations in the 1960s, China had
clearly redefined its Burma strategy according to its national and
security interests, through a more friendly policy initiated by Deng
Xiaoping’s visit to Rangoon in January 1978. A few years later, with a
landmark academic article published in 1985 by the official Beijing
Review,
3
China unveiled its economic and military ambitions in
Burma and had only a few more years to wait before taking the
opportunity to fully implement them. When the SLORC, ostracized
by the international community after its harsh repression of the
pro-democracy movement during the summer of 1988, indicated its
willingness to establish a new partnership with Beijing, China swiftly
filled the vacuum left by international donors and regional powers.
Confirmed after the Tiananmen Square repression by the official visit
to China by General Than Shwe (then the SLORC’s Vice-Chairman)
in October 1989, the new Sino-Burmese partnership enabled China to
gain a sound strategic foothold in Burma within just a few years..."
Source/publisher:
India Review via Routledge (London)
Date of publication:
2008-01-01
Date of entry/update:
2021-04-18
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Politics and Government - global and regional - general studies, strategies, theory, Economic activities of the Myanmar Military, Burma's economic relations with China, Burma's economic relations with India, China-Burma-India relations
Language:
Format :
pdf
Size:
296.56 KB
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Topic:
Business
Sub-title:
Japanese Beverage Giant Should Release Investigation Report
Topic:
Business
Description:
"Japan-based Kirin Holdings Company, Ltd. should publish its investigation report on the military-owned Myanmar Economic Holdings Ltd. (MEHL) and swiftly cut ties with the company, Human Rights Watch said today. Kirin announced the conclusion of an investigation by Deloitte Tohmatsu Financial Advisory LLC on January 7, 2021, but declined to publish the report for confidentiality reasons.
“Kirin should regain some trust of consumers, investors, and rights groups by releasing the details of its investigation into the operations of its Myanmar military business partner,” said Phil Robertson, deputy Asia director at Human Rights Watch. “Kirin’s business association with MEHL raises serious human rights concerns that need urgent action, not further obfuscation behind an investigation whose results are kept secret.”
In its January 7 statement, Kirin said the investigation by Deloitte was “inconclusive as a result of Deloitte being unable to access sufficient information required to make a definitive determination.” Kirin said the investigation aimed to determine the “destination of proceeds received by” MEHL from Myanmar Brewery Ltd. (MBL) and Mandalay Brewery Ltd. (MDL), and that it would provide a “further update” on its business activities in Myanmar by the end of April.
Kirin owns a majority stake in Myanmar Brewery Ltd. and Mandalay Brewery Ltd. in partnership with the military-owned-and-operated MEHL. In 2015, Kirin bought 55 percent of Myanmar Brewery Ltd., 4 percent of which it later transferred to the military-owned firm. In 2017, Kirin acquired 51 percent of Mandalay Brewery Ltd. in a separate joint venture with the firm.
Myanmar’s armed forces, the Tatmadaw, have been responsible over many years for numerous grave violations of human rights and war crimes against the country’s ethnic minority populations. These abuses culminated in the August 2017 campaign of ethnic cleansing against the ethnic Rohingya population in Rakhine State, including killings, sexual violence, and forced removal. Human Rights Watch found that Myanmar’s security forces committed crimes against humanity and genocidal acts in those 2017 operations against the Rohingya..."
Source/publisher:
"Human Rights Watch" (USA)
Date of publication:
2021-01-08
Date of entry/update:
2021-01-09
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Human Rights Watch Reports on Burma/Myanmar, Burma's economic relations with Japan, Discrimination against the Rohingya, Economic activities of the Myanmar Military, Japan-Burma relations, Arakan (Rakhine) State - reports etc. by date (latest first)
Language:
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Sub-title:
Military’s $2m lease to luxury hotel does not appear in defence budget, but auditor general’s hands tied
Description:
"Myanmar’s auditor general is unable to probe a $2m-a-year military real estate deal because a law drafted by the former junta shields the defence ministry from scrutiny, a senior official has said.
Two military offices are leasing a plot of land to a company for a luxury hotel project, Myanmar Now reported last month, but the money does not appear in the defence budget.
Naing Thet Oo, permanent secretary of the auditor general’s office, said at a press conference in Nay Pyi Taw on Monday that her office had no power to audit the deal.
“It’s not in our jurisdiction,” she said, responding to a question from Myanmar Now. “We don’t have the right to do it.”
The Union Auditor General Law was drafted in 2010 by the State Peace and Development Council. It gives the auditor general the powers to investigate the finances of every other government ministry.
Section 39, at the very end, reads: “the provisions contained in this Law shall not apply to the Ministry of Defence.”
With its overwhelming majority in parliament, the NLD-led government could easily scrap the law.
“There is no good reason, in principle or in practice, for the military to be exempt from any state oversight mechanism,” said Chris Sidoti, a lawyer who worked on a UN fact-finding mission that investigated the military’s business ties last year.
“Why should it be? The military is as much a part of the state structure as any other state agency and should be subject to exactly the same kind of oversight and regulation,” he told Myanmar Now..."
Source/publisher:
"Myanmar Now" (Myanmar)
Date of publication:
2020-06-10
Date of entry/update:
2020-06-10
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Language:
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Description:
"Chinese President Xi Jinping and senior military leaders met with Myanmar’s commander-in-chief this week, as Senior General Min Aung Hlaing paid an official visit to Beijing. It was the fifth time Min Aung Hlaing has visited China since assuming his current post as the top leader of Myanmar’s military forces, the Tatmadaw. In Myanmar, where the military retains a constitutionally-mandated grip on political power despite holding elections in 2015, that makes Min Aung Hlaing a top political leader as well, and the topics of conversation during his China trip reflected that.
Min Aung Hlaing’s official host was Chief of the Joint Staff Department General Li Zuocheng, but he met with a variety of Chinese military officials, including Central Military Commission Vice Chair Xu Qiliang and Defense Minister Wei Fenghe, on Tuesday and Wednesday. Min Aung Hlaing also met with Xi on Wednesday. At each of these meetings, both sides took care to praise the longstanding – “eternal” even – friendship between their countries and expressed hope for deepening cooperation still further in the future. “Myanmar regards China as an eternal friend and a strategic partner country,” Min Aung Hlaing said, according to a press release from the Tatmadaw..."
Source/publisher:
"The Diplomat" (Japan)
Date of publication:
2019-04-12
Date of entry/update:
2019-09-23
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Economic activities of the Myanmar Military, “One Belt, One Road” initiative, Burma's economic relations with China, China-Burma relations
Language:
more